Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Chemical reactor – Fluidized bed
Patent
1992-09-23
1994-05-31
Warden, Robert J.
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Chemical reactor
Fluidized bed
34582, 34594, 110215, 122 4D, 422147, 422311, 431 7, 431170, 432 58, 239428, 239423, 2394164, 2394165, B01J 818, F27B 1500
Patent
active
053167350
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to equipment used in the chemical industry and more particularly to apparatus for producing granulated products by spraying a pulp or by melting a disperse material onto a suspended layer.
STATE OF THE ART
In the present state of the art apparatus are extensively used, in which the entire technological process of producing granulated products is carried out in a fluidized bed (U.S. Pat. No. 3,735,792). Such apparatus comprise a vertical cylindrical casing, a gas-supplying pipe arranged in the upper part thereof, a gas-distributing grating, a nozzle for spraying a pulp or a melt, disposed along the axis of the casing above a fluidized bed, a pipe for supplying a gas under the grating, a gas-discharging pipe coupled to the upper part of the casing, a pipe for supplying a disperse material, and pipe for discharging granules.
However, such fluidized-bed apparatus are disadvantageous because of the necessity of using disperse materials within a limited range of fractional composition. The concentration of particles in the central zone of the apparatus, in which spraying of a pulp or of a melt is effected by means of a nozzle, is small due to separation of the particles from a central stream into the opposite peripheral one; as a result, the efficiency of the apparatus lowers. Another disadvantage of the apparatus is a low relative velocity of gas in the fluidized bed, which also leads to a low efficiency of the apparatus because of a limitation to the amount of heat fed (removed) to the material in the fluidized bed.
Also known in the art is an apparatus for producing granulated products (Paper by Groshev G. L. et al "Nekotorye konstruktivnye osobennosti apparatov s psevdoozhizhennym sloyem dlya obezvozhivania rastvorov," Khimicheskaya promyshlennost, N 6, 1967, p. 58, FIGS. 4 and 5), comprising a vertical cylindrical casing, a gas-distributing grating, a vertical gas-supplying pipe fastened therein and provided with a nozzle for spraying a pulp or a melt, disposed thereinside, a pipe for supplying a gas under the grating, an axial gas-discharging pipe coupled to the upper part of the casing, a pipe for supplying a disperse material, a pipe for discharging granules from a fluidized bed, and a device for isolating the granules from effluent gases.
In the known apparatus the vertical gas-supplying pipe fastened in the grating allows an increase in apparatus efficiency, compared to other fluidized-bed apparatus, due to the supply of a gas to the fluidized bed with high velocities (10-20 m/s), whereby local gushing zones are created. Nevertheless, the efficiency of such an apparatus is limited, since the size of the vertical gas-supplying pipe and the velocity of the gas introduced therethrough are limited. An increase of the size of the vertical gas-supplying pipe or of the velocity of the gas introduced therethrough leads to the entrainment of the particles from the fluidized bed, to the diminution of granule-formation centers, to disturbance of the operability of the apparatus, and to lowering of the efficiency thereof. As a result, the main disadvantage of such an apparatus is its low efficiency.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The invention is based on the problem of providing such an apparatus for producing granulated products, the constructional design of which would make it possible to intensify the granulation process by way of increasing velocity of gas supplied into the fluidized bed, which would raise the efficiency of the apparatus and reduce the time of residence of the granules in the apparatus ensuring improvement of quality of the resulting product.
The object set forth is accomplished by an apparatus for producing granulated products, comprising a vertical cylindrical casing with a gas-distributing grating in the lower part thereof, a vertical gas-supplying pipe mounted in the gas-distributing grating for creating a fluidized bed of granules thereon, a pipe for supplying disperse materials, a nozzle for spraying a pulp or a melt, disposed inside the
REFERENCES:
patent: 3735792 (1973-05-01), Asizawa et al.
patent: 4602571 (1986-07-01), Chadshay
G. L. Groshev, et al. "Certain Design Features of Apparatuses with Pseudo-Fluidised Layer for Solutions Dehydration", p. 57, lines 19-34, p. 58, Figs. 4, 5. Khimicheskaya Promyshlennost, No. 6, 1967, Khimia (Moskow).
Budantsev Vladimir I.
Chistyakov Makhail K.
Ivanov Oleg R.
Kipriyanov Jury I.
Razhev Vladimir M.
Thornton Krisanne M.
Warden Robert J.
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