Solid material comminution or disintegration – Apparatus – With temperature modification of material
Patent
1994-12-09
1996-06-18
Eley, Timothy V.
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Apparatus
With temperature modification of material
241166, 241236, 241247, 2412601, B02C 1814, B02C 1816
Patent
active
055269915
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
Apparatus for plasticizing thermoplastic synthetic plastics material.
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an apparatus for plasticizing thermoplastic synthetic plastics material, in particular synthetic plastics scrap material, comprising a screw bearingly supported within a housing, to which screw the material to be plasticized is supplied through a feed opening of the housing, said screw conveying the synthetic plastic material to an exit opening for the plasticized synthetic plastics material disposed in axial distance from the feed opening, a comminuting means for the syntectic plastics material being attached to the feed opening, which comminuting means comprises comminuting tools disposed on two shafts which extend parallel to each other and preferably parallel to the axis of the screw and are driven in opposite directions, which comminuting tools convey the comminuted synthetic plastics material into the feed opening of the screw housing, each of the comminuting tools being provided with teeth acting on the synthetic plastics material supplied between the shafts.
Within such apparatus there is the problem that the synthetic plastics material which in most cases is supplied in form of scrap material, must be comminuted but nevertheless must be reliably supplied to the screw without blocking the revolution of the comminuting tools and, respectively, or the screw. The known proposals were not satisfying with this respect.
It is the task of the invention to improve an apparatus of the initially described kind so that the problem mentioned above is solved satisfactory, that means that on the one hand the supplied synthetic plastics material is effectively comminuted and that on the other hand the comminuted synthetic plastics material is reliably taken along by the screw and is plasticized and is discharged through the exit opening without that the shafts carrying the comminuting tools or, respectively, the screw are blocked. The invention solves this task by the features that the shafts are driven with different speeds of revolution, the direction of revolution of the shaft running with greater speed being opposite to the direction of revolution of the screw, that the comminuting tools are disposed axially spaced apart from each other on the shaft, the orbits of the teeth of the comminuting tools of the two shafts overlapping each other, when seen in axial direction of the shafts, and that at least on the shaft running with greater speed spacer disks having a circular periphery are disposed between neighboring comminuting tools, stationary filter elements engaging between the comminuting tools of this shaft and extend with their flanks facing the gap between the shafts tangentially with respect to the periphery of the spacer disks of this shaft. The shafts running with different speeds effectively comminute the supplied synthetic plastics material by means of the teeth of the comminuting tools, in as much, so to speak, neighboring comminuting tools frictionally engage each other. Thereby, the comminuted synthetic plastics material is reliably freed from the comminuting tools and is not, as this was frequently the case within the known proposals, conveyed in a circle around the respective shaft. This is also supported by the tangentially extending flank of the stationary knife which, so to speak, strips off the syntectic plastics material elements which have proceeded in radial direction inwardly to the spacer disks from the spacer disks and also from the substantially disk-shaped comminuting tools. Thereby a stuffing component which is directed substantially tangential with respect to the shaft running with greater speed is exerted onto the comminuted synthetic plastics material, which force component tends to press the syntectic plastics material in direction towards the screw and into the revolutions thereof. Particularly favorable results are obtained if these flanks extend also tangentially with respect to the wall of the feed opening, since in such a manner it is ens
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patent: 4720254 (1988-01-01), Wood
patent: 5201475 (1993-04-01), Nakagomi
patent: 5232170 (1993-08-01), Yang
patent: 5375782 (1994-12-01), Schwelling
patent: 5397065 (1995-03-01), Shutov et al.
Bacher Helmut
Schulz Helmuth
Wendelin Georg
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