Optics: measuring and testing – By electrophoresis
Patent
1982-10-18
1985-08-13
Rosenberger, R. A.
Optics: measuring and testing
By electrophoresis
356440, 204299R, C25B 900, G01J 104, G01N 2103, G01N 2726
Patent
active
045346470
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to photometric equipment and, more particularly, it deals with apparatus for photometrically scanning gels obtained as a result of the electrophoretic analysis.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The method of electrophoretic analysis of biological preparations in gels is one of the main areas of biochemical, medical and selection studies.
The widespread application of the method is due not only to its high resolution, simplicity and low cost of necessary equipment, but also to the possibility of effecting parallel analysis of a large number (several scores) of biological preparations. This imposes more stringent requirements on apparatus for photometrically scanning gels, in particular, on the productivity, cost, compactness and possibility of ensuring high measurement accuracy.
In addition, the trend to improve the method of electrophoretic analysis of biological preparations in gels with the aim of increasing the gel length has recently become obvious as this would enable the achievement of maximum efficiency of the analysis--maximum separation of preparations of complicated composition. The development of apparatus for photometrically scanning such gels which are up to 40-50 cm long requires the application of radically new technical concepts because conventional apparatus used for such purpose would be unwieldy (up to 100-120 cm long) which is due, among other things, to considerable difficulties in providing for uniform translational motion of gels during scanning thus resulting in a more complicated design and higher cost.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Known in the art is an apparatus for photometrically scanning gels, comprising a monochromator from which the light beam passes, through a stop aperture and a gel placed in a cell which are installed one after the other along the light beam path, the cell being caused to move relative to the light beam by means of a manual drive having a micrometric gearing, and the light being received by a photometer (cf. G. Maurer. Disc-Electrophoresis (in Russian), 1971, MIR Publishing House, Moscow, pp.103-104, FIG. 29).
In this apparatus, the cell is made in the form of a quartz tube of a constant diameter which is caused to reciprocate by means of a manual drive.
As the quartz tube in this apparatus is 7 cm long, only one gel may be placed in the tube. This requires frequent recharging of the cell, hence the productivity is low.
The use of expensive quartz tubes in the apparatus makes it rather costly. For photometrically scanning gels of different diameters, it is necessary to have a set of quartz tubes of respective diameters which considerably raises the cost of such an apparatus. In case a single quartz tube is used for studying gels of different diameters, deformation of gels when placed in the tube or a loose accommodation of the gel in the tube make errors in scanning more likely.
In addition, the use of the manual drive for moving the cell in this apparatus results in a low productivity in scanning gels and in high probability of errors in performing multiple repeated operations of moving the cell through one and the same distance read from the micrometric vernier.
An apparatus for photometrically scanning gels has been proposed, comprising a monochromator from which the light beam passes through a stop aperture and a gel placed in a cell which are installed one after the other on the light beam path, the cell being caused to move relative to the light beam by an electromechanical drive and the light being received by a photometer (cf. Booklet ISCo (instruments Specialities Company), USA, Lincoln, Neb., "instruments with a difference", pp.20-21, May, 1979).
In this apparatus, the cell comprises a quartz tube 25 cm long installed for reciprocations relative to the light beam under the action of an electromechanical drive.
The use of the quartz tube 25 cm long, which makes it possible to scan two gels 12 cm long without recharging, and the provision of the electromechanical drive enable a higher productivity and
REFERENCES:
patent: 3994593 (1976-11-01), Kato et al.
patent: 4427294 (1984-01-01), Nardo
cf. G. Maurer. Disc-Electrophoresis (in Russian), 1971, MIR Publishing Ho, Moscow, pp. 103-104, FIG. 29.
cf. Booklet ISCO (Instruments Specialities Company), USA, Lincoln, Nebraska, "Instruments with a Difference", pp. 20-21, May, 1979.
Prospect of the ISCO Company, issued Jan. 1978, (Instruments with a Difference Photometric Gel Scanner", pp. 56-57.
"Metodi Issledovanii v Immunologii", edited by Lefkovits J. and Pernis B., approved to publication 1981 (Mir, Moscow), pp. 102, 104, 114.
Gross Valery N.
Stupnik Vyacheslav D.
Institut Molekulyarnoi Biologii Biokhimii Akademii Nauk Kazakhsk
Rosenberger R. A.
Vollero Michael F.
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