Apparatus for overhead submerged arc welding

Electric heating – Metal heating – Nonatmospheric environment at hot spot

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B23K 918

Patent

active

049946447

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to the equipment for arc welding, in particular, and it deals with an apparatus for overhead submerged arc welding.
2. Description of the Related Art
A large volume of operations in the manufacture of welded structures is carried out in welding rotatable annular joints of hollow structures with a restricted access to joints being welded on the inner side of the structure. Such joints include annular joints of closed vessels, annular joints of pipelines, tanks, casings, field welds and shell plating seams of ship hulls; longitudinal joints of large-area products which cannot be positioned to facilitate welding. They also include joints of difficult-to-position webs, segments, three-dimensional and planar sections, and the like.
A submerged arc overhead welding method is characterized in that a consumble electrode and a welding bath are turned at 180.degree. in comparison with downhand welding. Flux an electrode are fed to the work from bottom up, i.e. as though towards a ceiling, the electrode being supplied through a compacted flux.
This welding method is referred to hereinbelow as overhead submerged arc welding.
This welding method is referred to as the overhead submerged arc welding also because the arc is in the body of metal.
So called overhead welds are produced as a result of such welding.
Overhead welds may be of different types, e.g. penetration overhead welds, sealing overhead welds. There may be one-pass overhead welds and other types of overhead welds.
The penetration overhead welds are welds which are first to be produced in welding a joint and which are located in the top part of sections being welded on the joint side opposite with respect to the electrode supply. Further welding of the joint, i.e. producing the necessary subsequent welds is carried out by any appropriate known method, the electrode being supplied on the same side as is the case with welding of the overhead penetration weld, e.g. the inner penetration welds of rotatable annular joints of vessels, tanks, joints between bottom sections of shell plating of ships and other structures.
The overhead penetration weld arc welding allows, to a large extent, the operation of welding from the interior of a vessel to be dispensed with in welding rotatable annular welds, and welding in confined spaces in producing straight welds of structures with a restricted access on the side of a ceiling can also be eliminated.
The sealing overhead welds are welds which are first to be produced in welding a joint and which are located in the bottom part of sections being welded on the electrode supply side of the joint. Further welding is carried out by any appropriate known method with the electrode supply on the side of the joint being welded opposite to that used in the overhead welding.
In practice, the penetration overhead welds are produced in welding annular and longitudinal joints of structures with a restricted access to joints being welded from the inside, the sealing welds being produced in welding longitudinal joints of difficult-to-position products, e.g. plate structures made out of segments, and other products.
One-pass overhead welds include welds produced in welding joints of a limited thickness arranged over the whole welded section. No further welding of the joint on any side thereof will be required.
Welding of sealing and one-pass welds poses many problems concerned with the formation of the surface of a finished weld.
During the overhead welding, the welding bath metal formed during arcing by fusion of the metal being welded, electrode material and flux is retained by a crust of partly melted flux and also by means of forming members. The forming members may be of various shapes and size and may be made, e.g. in the form of plates, backings, bars, sliders and other members and structures.
Flux is pressed against the welding zone positively from bottom up and, as flux is being consumed, its stock is continually replenished. For forming the top part of a w

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