Surgery – Means for introducing or removing material from body for... – Treating material introduced into or removed from body...
Patent
1995-04-28
1997-11-18
Bockelman, Mark
Surgery
Means for introducing or removing material from body for...
Treating material introduced into or removed from body...
604 65, 604247, 128675, 200834, 200 83W, A61M 100
Patent
active
056882440
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an apparatus for monitoring infusion.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
For intravenous infusion therapy at the present time gravity feed infusion systems with peristaltic, hose, cassette and injection pumps are employed for various infusion solutions supplied to the patient, normally with the aid of a hollow needle or vein catheter. Owing to movement of the patient during such infusion therapy there may be a partial or complete arrest or stopping of infusion, which in part only lasts a few seconds, but may well last longer. Such phenomena may be due to kinking of the infusion hose adjacent to the Patient or of draining veins, displacement of the infusion needle in the vein, engagement of the catheter tip with the vein wall, partial or complete blockage by a blood clot or the like.
Partial or complete arrest of infusion naturally has to be dealt with as soon as possible. Two important examples in this respect are the vital necessity for an uninterrupted supply of medicament and the maintenance of vitally necessary venous access to the circulatory system. On the occurrence of each partial or complete infusion arrest into the vein of a patient there is at least initially an increase in the pressure in the infusion hose system owing to the continued pumping action by the infusion apparatus. This increase in pressure may be measured and by setting certain alarm limits on a monitor screen can be utilized for monitoring infusion. However in the case of infusion systems presently employed such increase in pressure unfortunately takes place very slowly owing to the comparatively large capability of expansion and in the case of low infusion rates will occur only after half an hour or even not at all. The equipment presently commercially available so far is still only able to be used technically to a limited extent.
The German patent publication 3,816,128 C1 discloses for example such a pressure warning arrangement for infusion apparatus. This apparatus more particularly suffers from the disadvantage that even a slight movement of the patient with whom the infusion system is connected will lead to a spurious alarm being raised owing to back pressure and an arrest of infusion for a short time.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One object of the invention is, taking as a starting point the prior art of the type initially mentioned, to provide an apparatus for monitoring infusions such that on the one hand there is the reliable possibility of ensuring such monitoring even at minimum infusion rates while on the other hand the raising of a spurious alarm is substantially safely prevented.
In accordance with such features between the branch point of the pressure transmission line and the free end adjacent to the patient of the infusion hose a one-way valve is arranged, which renders possible a flow direction toward the patient.
The presence of this one-way valve constitutes a certain way of preventing any back pressure, due to movements of the patient, in the infusion system leading to an alarm being raised spuriously.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further advantageous developments and convenient forms of the invention will be understood from the following detailed descriptive disclosure of embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment or an apparatus for infusion monitoring in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective elevation of a second embodiment of an apparatus for infusion monitoring.
FIG. 3 is a perspective representation of the electronic pressure sensor with a protective housing and a holding device for the apparatus for infusion monitoring in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 represents a section taken through the embodiment in accordance with FIG. 3 of the section plane 4--4 of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 diagrammatically shows the arrangement of the apparatus for infusion monitoring in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 2 in a pump infusion system.
FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of a
REFERENCES:
patent: 3731679 (1973-05-01), Wilheimson et al.
patent: 4613325 (1986-09-01), Abrams
patent: 4994035 (1991-02-01), Mokros
patent: 5195986 (1993-03-01), Kamen
patent: 5211201 (1993-05-01), Kamen et al.
Bockelman Mark
Stright Jr. Ronald K.
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