Surgery – Means for introducing or removing material from body for... – Treating material introduced into or removed from body...
Patent
1985-01-10
1986-06-03
Rosenbaum, C. Fred
Surgery
Means for introducing or removing material from body for...
Treating material introduced into or removed from body...
604 89, 604 91, 604 92, A61M 514
Patent
active
045927430
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to an apparatus for mixing liquds. The invention especially relates to a device for mixing and infusion of two or more liquids into a patient. However, the device of the invention can also be utilized for a safe infusion of one single liquid into a patient.
In medical treatments, it is often desirable to infuse two or more solutions at the same time into a patient. For example, in a total parenteral nutrition it is often desired to give a fat emulsion, amino acids and carbohydrates in mixture to get an infusion liquid which is as little unpleasant to the patient as possible but which still gives the patient a correctly composed nutrition and a sufficient amount of energy.
This problem has previously been solved in various manners. Three separate infusion aggregates have for instance been used which are connected with two three-way valves at the patient. However, as a consequence of this, three long hoses must be led up to the patient which can be complicated and uncomfortable. The main disadvantage of this method is that it is difficult to set a suitable infusion rate as three separate adjusting means and three separate drip chambers must be used.
Another way of solving the problem is to mix the various infusion liquids in advance in a mixing container having a sufficient volume for the intended infusion time, usually 2.5-3 l per 24 hours. However, there are difficulties here, as sterility must be maintained all the time during the handling of the various liquids. Mixing has mostly been carried out at another place than in the patient's immediate vicinity, and then usually in the dispensary of a hospital. Due to this, a certain storage time will often be necessary, especially during holidays. As the infusion solutions after mixing most often have a very limited shelf life, considerable problems are encountered. It also recommended for most factory-packed infusion liquids that the liquid must be consumed within a certain time after breaking the seal of the original package, usually 12 hours.
In all infusion therapy, there is a risk that air is supplied to the patient when the infusion bottle is emptied as the hose can then be filled alternately with air and liquid. This risk is reduced by having drip chambers of a certain liquid volume and by placing the hose in an arc lower than the patient. At infusion with several liquids at the same time, the risks will be substantially greater than air is led to the patient, as liquid from a filled bottle may suck air from an empty bottle.
There is another risk if a bottle falls to the floor during the infusion and is broken, or if the connection to the bottle comes loose unintentionally, in that a reverse flow arises such that the patient's blood flows out of the infusion aggregate and the patient bleeds to death.
The present invention provides a device for mixing two or more liquids, where the disadvantages mentioned above are largely eliminated and the risks of air embolism and back flow are reduced.
According to the invention, two or more liquids are dosed in such a way that the liquids used as starting materials are dosed from a supply container in definite amounts or amount ratios to a chamber until said chamber is filled, after which the supply of the starting liquids to the chamber is stopped and an outlet for the mixed liquids is opened at substantially the same time, and the liquid mixture is discharged, and that when substantially the whole amount of liquid mixture has been withdrawn, the outlet is closed substantially at the same time as the supply of the starting liquids is re-started. This process is thereafter repeated as many times as desired.
Opening and closing of the supply and outlet lines are preferably carried out by arranging the chamber with a variable volume and that changes of this volume are sensed by a sensor, which controls the opening and stopping of the supply of starting liquids and the discharge of liquid mixture. In a suitable embodiment, the chamber is provided with a movable wall, the position of which is adapt
REFERENCES:
patent: 3746216 (1973-07-01), Frederick
patent: 4258723 (1981-03-01), McCue et al.
patent: 4325368 (1982-04-01), Kaemmerer
patent: 4396383 (1983-08-01), Hart
Bennwik Percy E.
Hjertman Birger T.
Kabivitrum AB
Rosenbaum C. Fred
Scott Christa K.
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