Apparatus for measuring cardiac output

Details Apparatus for measuring cardiac output Apparatus for measuring cardiac output

1987-06-08

1988-02-02

Howell, Kyle L.

Surgery

Truss

Pad

128661, 128713, A61B 1000

Patent

active

047223472

ABSTRACT:
Blood flow in the aorta and pulmonary artery of a mammal, most typically a human, is measured volumetrically by a non-invasive, ultrasound apparatus. A piezoelectric ultrasound transducer mounted on a probe and inserted into the trachea in great proximity to the aorta or pulmonary artery by passage through the oral nasal cavity past the epiglottis and into the trachea, or by passage through a surgical opening into the trachea in the case of patients who have had a tracheotomy. Ultrasound waves are transmitted toward the path of flow of blood in the artery. Reflected waves are received. The average Doppler frequency difference between transmitted and received waves is measured. The cross-sectional size of the artery is determined. Blood flow rate is determined from the measurements. The apparatus comprises a tracheal tube or probe with one or two transducers mounted at one end the tube. The transducer(s) is (are) disposed to transmit ultrasound in selected directions. Electrical conductors extend from the transducers the length of the probe. Balloons are provided to positively locate the probe in the trachea and to urge the ultrasound transducer(s) into intimate contact with the inner wall of the trachea.

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Histand et al, "Ultrasonic Pulsed Doppler Transesophageal Measurement of Aortic Haemodynamics in Humans", Ultrasonic, Sep. 1979.
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Wells et al, "Ultrasonic transesophageal Measurement of Cardiac Output", Conference 1978 Advances in Bioeng, San Francisco, Calif., pp. 121-123, Dec. 1978.
Olson et al, "A Non Destructive Ultrasonic Technique to Measure Diameter and Blood Flow in Arteries", IEEE Transaction on Biomed. Eng., vol. BME-21, No. 2, 3/1974, pp. 168-171.

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