Measuring and testing – Gas analysis – By vibration
Patent
1998-12-10
2000-04-11
Williams, Hezron
Measuring and testing
Gas analysis
By vibration
73 2331, G01I 900
Patent
active
060475897
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to apparatus for measuring a gas value, and in particular co apparatus for measuring the calorific value and/or the Wobbe index of combustible fuel gas, and it also relates to apparatus for measuring the amount of energy provided when in the form of combustible fuel gas.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention an apparatus for measuring the calorific value and/or the Wobbe index of combustible fuel gas comprises ultra-sound emitter and receiver means for emitting an ultra-sound signal to follow a path through said gas and receive said signal after following said path, means to make a measure of attenuation of the signal between its emission and reception, and means to derive the calorific value and/or Wobbe index from said measured attenuation.
A meter to measure the supply of energy provided by supply of combustible gas may comprise said apparatus formed according to the invention and further comprise means to measure the volumetric amount of gas supplied, and means to derive a value of the amount of energy supplied using said volumetric amount and said calorific value and/or the Wobbe index.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The invention will now be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing which shows diagramatically, in cross-section, a gas meter to make volumetric measurement of combustible fuel gas passing therethrough and comprising apparatus formed according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
With reference to the drawing, a meter 2 which may be considered as a volumetric gas meter or as an energy meter comprises an outer casing 4 with end walls 6, 8, an inner casing 10 surrounded by the outer casing, and a central open-ended tube 12 surrounded by the inner casing. An impermeable partition 14 surrounds the middle of the central tube 12 and is mounted in a gas tight manner thereon and is in gas tight relation with the inner casing 10 and the outer casing 4. The outer casing 4 defines a space surrounding the inner casing 10, this space being divided by the partition 14 into two separate chambers 16 and 18 surrounding the inner casing. The inner casing 10 defines a space surrounding the central tube 12, this space being divided by the partition 14 into two separate chambers 20 and 22 each bounded by a respective wall 24 or 26 facing a respective end 28 or 30 of the tube 12 and bounding, in combination with the respective end wall 6 or 8 and the inner casing 10, a respective chamber 32 or 34. The wails 24 and 26 of the chambers 32 and 34 each have at least one respective through aperture or window 36 and 38 each facing into the respective open end 28 and 30 of the central tube 12. If desired, the apertures 36 and 38 may each be covered by respective, ultra-sound transparent, gas permeable gauze or membranes 40 and 42, and both chambers 32 and 34 may be lined with acoustic material to avoid unwanted reflections at ultrasonic frequencies. The chamber 16 opens into chamber 20 through a plurality of openings 44, and chamber 22 opens into chamber 18 through a plurality of openings 46. A tube 48 provides an inlet for combustible fuel gas and a tube 50 provides an outlet for the gas. The gas introduced through the inlet 48 follows a labyrinthine path to the inlet end 28 of the central tube 12, the gas then flows along that tube to outlet end 30 and follows a labyrinthine path to the outlet 50. By virtue of the apertures 36 and 38 the gas also fills the chambers 32 and 34. Ultra-sound transducers 52 and 54 under control of control means 56, which includes calculating means comprising computer means, emit and receive ultra-sound signals, via apertures 36 and 38, passing along the interior of the central tube 12.
The signals between the transducers 52 and 54 are used in known manner to calculate in control means 56, the speed of sound in the gas, the speed of sound being used in known manner to calculate the amount of gas passing through the meter 2 in
REFERENCES:
patent: 5285675 (1994-02-01), Colgate et al.
patent: 5501098 (1996-03-01), Cadet et al.
patent: 5537854 (1996-07-01), Phillips et al.
patent: 5635626 (1997-06-01), Hammond et al.
patent: 5697346 (1997-12-01), Beck
Hammond Paul Stephen
Parkinson Geoffrey John
Thurston Robert Richard
BG plc
Cygan Michael
Williams Hezron
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