Electricity: measuring and testing – Of geophysical surface or subsurface in situ – For small object detection or location
Patent
1990-07-02
1991-03-19
Snow, Walter E.
Electricity: measuring and testing
Of geophysical surface or subsurface in situ
For small object detection or location
324 67, G01V 308, G01V 310, G01R 1900
Patent
active
050014307
ABSTRACT:
An apparatus and method for determining the location of a concealed conductive object. The method includes the steps of determining the lateral position of the object by using an antenna array to detect a signal propagating on the object. The antenna array is comprised of at least one center antenna positioned perpendicular to a surface concealing the object and at least two antennas symmetrically positioned about the center antenna at angles not equal to ninety degrees. The depth of the concealed object is determined by using a bottom sensor to detect the signal propagating on the object as a first signal. A vertically displaced top sensor then detects the signal as a second signal which is amplified by a variable gain amplifier until it equals the first signal. The depth of the object is calculated from the gain increase required to achieve equality between the first and second signals. The variable gain amplifier comprises a plurality of iteratively connected amplifiers whose gains are set by digital commands from an up/down counter. The gain increase is determined by a direct current, digital-to-analog converter amplifier which receives the same digital commands as the variable gain amplifier. The lateral direction to the object is determined by comparing the phase of the signal generated by the antenna array to a reference phase.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4112349 (1978-09-01), Weber
Peterman David L.
Peterman Earl J.
Heath Consultants, Inc.
Schatzel Thomas E.
Snow Walter E.
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