Hydraulic and earth engineering – Subterranean or submarine pipe or cable laying – retrieving,... – By means advancing along terrain and guiding pipe or cable...
Patent
1987-12-28
1989-05-23
Corbin, David H.
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Subterranean or submarine pipe or cable laying, retrieving,...
By means advancing along terrain and guiding pipe or cable...
405174, E02F 510, F16L 102
Patent
active
048325317
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an apparatus used for laying subterranean plastic tape and pipe of the system referred to in the art as "subsoil irrigation combined with impermeable layer", to enable economical irrigation of row crops cultivated in sandy or highly permeable soils, under large-scale conditions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Subsoil irrigation combined with an impermeable layer has been known for a long time (for example by the trade name Hydrak). It is a method the essential feature of which is that an artificial, impermeable webbing is placed about 60 cm below the ground surface, at the depth of the root zone of the plants, and irrigation pipe is laid above the impermeable layer. With that process, the root zone of the plants is kept adequately moist even in soils with poor water retention, according to a program, without loss by evaporation and seepage, during the whole growth season. This produces high yield on barren, otherwise non-yielding terrain, independently from precipitation conditions. The root zone of the plants can be continuously supplied with dissolved plant protective agents and nutrients incorporated in the irrigating water, at a low cost while also protecting the environment.
A large scale use of that process was not possible so far due to the fact, that no means was available for the economical realization thereof.
Some experiments have been performed for the construction of suitable laying equipment. Such an experiment is described in the techincal periodical titled: "Kertgazdasag" (Hungary) No. 4 volume 7, p. 24-28, 1975. Apparatus named FOLTERON-60 was used as a prototype in this experiment. The essential feature of that apparatus was that a wing-type subsoiler was fixed to a semi-suspended frame, and the plastic coil to be laid was arranged in a hollow rear part of the machine. The plastic irrigation pipe was guided from the large diameter fixed to the frame, to the upper part of the subsoiler, from where it passed to below the ground surface through the laying hole on the lower part of the tool.
This apparatus was not generally used in practice, because it was not possible to keep the laying equipment at a proper level and at a reliable adjustment. The plastic tape storage drum arranged at the bottom could not be controlled during operation and the traction power requirement of the apparatus was too high. Guiding the plate at the bottom resulted in further disadvantage in that only a small amount of plastic tape could be wound onto the small diameter drum, which hindered the continuity of the operation and reduced the productivity. Thus this machine was not suitable for the economical, large-scale realization of the HYDRAK process.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide apparatus for laying subterranean plastic tape and pipe, wherein the depth of laying is adjustable and is maintained reliably at a desired level, and wherein a productive speed of laying can be achieved without the need for frequently replacing the materials to be laid, embedding of the materials can continuously be checked during operation, the traction power requirement is relatively low, the apparatus can be produced at low cost, and is suitable for carrying out supplemental activities such as excavation of the trench for laying the main water line, backfilling the trench, incidentally laying vertical plastic tape, laying of two pipes at the same time, etc.
The invention is based on the recognition, that the plastic coil can be held relatively high above the ground surface if the tape is folded in half when guided into the wing-type subsoiler, and then it is spread to its full width below the ground surface. Furthermore, if an earth splitting tool is used before the laying head, and optionally if the tools of the laying equipment are being vibrated, the resistance to traction of the laying means is considerably reduced. The laying apparatus can be produced at a low cost if the tools are replaceably mounted on the frame.
The apparatus of t
REFERENCES:
patent: 2738745 (1956-03-01), Harpold
patent: 3217500 (1965-11-01), Diamond et al.
patent: 3757529 (1973-09-01), Kaercher
patent: 4437789 (1984-03-01), Kasiewicz
Corbin David H.
Ferenc Paulovits
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