Refrigeration – Material cooling means including gas-liquid contactor – With gas forcing or directing means
Patent
1990-04-25
1990-12-11
Bennet, Henry A.
Refrigeration
Material cooling means including gas-liquid contactor
With gas forcing or directing means
62304, 62309, 261104, 261154, 261DIG3, F28D 500
Patent
active
049761137
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE ART
The present invention relates to heat-exchange apparatus of the indirect evaporative type with a direct contact of the gas being cooled and the liquid coolant.
PRIOR ART
In heat-exchangers of the aforementioned type heat is extracted from a gas stream called the main stream, through the partition wall of the apparatus and transferred to the liquid cooled by virtue of evaporation in a second gas stream called the auxiliary stream. A source of cold is the evaporating liquid which appears either as a film on the heat-exchanger wall or in a capillary-porous material attached to said wall. The main air stream flows along the ducts or passages established by the walls made of a moisture-proof material and called the dry ducts, whereas the auxiliary air stream flows along the ducts formed by, e.g., walls with a thin layer of a water-impregnated capillary-porous material and called therefore the moist ducts.
Known in the present state of the art is a heat-exchanger for indirect evaporative cooling of gases (U.S. Pat. No. 2,990,696), comprising a shell with two inlet fittings for admitting respectively the main stream and the auxiliary stream in a direction square to each other, and with two outlet fittings for letting out respectively the main and auxiliary streams. A plurality of dry and moist ducts are provided in the heat-exchange shell, arranged square to one another. The dry ducts are designed for the main stream to pass, while the moist ducts are intended for passing the auxiliary stream and contain a wettable capillary-porous material, which may be arranged on the wet duct walls so as to provide passing of the auxiliary stream in between the layers of the material, or be situated at the center of the duct, which in turn ensures passing of the auxiliary stream between the duct wall and the wettable capillary-porous material. The heat-exchanger under discussion has also a means for feeding the liquid that wets said capillary-porous material. It ensues from the foregoing that the present heat-exchanger makes use of a cross-over pattern of the flow of heat-transfer agents. It is known commonly to those skilled in the art that, other things being equal, the aforesaid flow pattern of heat-transfer agents is featured by a less amount of heat transferred as compared with the counter-current flow pattern. Besides, in this case a separate letting in and out of the auxiliary and main streams is used. This in turn sophisticates much the construction of the heat-exchanger.
One more state-of-the-art apparatus for indirect evaporative gas cooling (SU, A, No. 407, 519), is known to comprise a shell with an inlet fitting for a total gas stream incorporating the main and auxiliary streams, and with outlet fittings for the main and auxiliary streams, respectively. The shell is provided with a number of moist ducts of a wettable moisture-proof material, said ducts being arranged parallel to and communicating with one another. The apparatus has also a means for feeding the liquid intended to wet the capillary-porous material.
More specifically, the known apparatus comprises a number of series-arranged plates having alternating surfaces, which establish pairwise the dry ducts from a moisture-proof material, i.e., the material of said plates, and the moist ducts formed by the same surfaces coated with a capillary-porous material. On the side of the inlet fitting the moist ducts communicate with the outlet fitting for the auxiliary stream and are closed by the vertical walls, which guide the used-up auxiliary stream to the outlet fitting situated in the shell top portion, while on the side of the outlet fitting the moist ducts communicate with the dry ducts. The means for feeding the liquid wetting the capillary-porous material is in fact a water-filled tray located in the shell bottom portion. The capillary-porous material is wetted with water from the tray by virtue of capillary absorption.
The apparatus operates as follows. The common stream if fan-forced into the dry ducts. Then the stream is subdivided, a
REFERENCES:
patent: 2960847 (1960-11-01), Potter
patent: 2990696 (1961-07-01), Fisher
Gershuni Alexandr N.
Kaminnik Alexandr A.
Levterov Alexandr I.
Maisotsenko Valery S.
Nischik Alexandr P.
Bennet Henry A.
Sollecito John
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