Electric heating – Heating devices – Combined with container – enclosure – or support for material...
Patent
1984-07-10
1989-01-24
Bartis, Anthony
Electric heating
Heating devices
Combined with container, enclosure, or support for material...
99451, 159DIG6, 196121, 208179, 219275, 219315, 219338, 219354, 219523, 422 22, H05B 100, F24H 112, C10G 700
Patent
active
048002526
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for heating liquid media, especially such media, the components of which tend to form deposits.
Liquids or liquid media are usually heated with the aid of heat exchanger tubes or heat exchangers. In this context problems are encountered when the liquids contain components which tend to form deposits, because these deposits precipitate preferably on the heat exchanging surfaces. This condition impairs the exchange of heat and can also reduce the flow area or lead to blockage.
In experiments conducted on the reprocessing of used oil from motor vehicles by cracking distillation, difficulties due to bituminous and carbonaceous deposits on the heating rods projecting into the used oil to be processed were encountered. Such deposits necessitate frequent interruption of the cracking reaction, which impairs the economy of such reprocessing. The carbonized oil residues often set so firmly on the heating rods that they can no longer be removed, and in the course of further operation lead to bursting of the heating rods.
The object of the present invention is therefore to create a process and an apparatus for heating liquids, in which troublesome deposits, especially firmly adhering encrustations, are avoided.
This problem is solved by the liquid medium being heated using ray or wave energy, while the transfer of heat to the medium by conduction and/or convection is essentially excluded. It was surprisingly observed that with such heating undesirable deposits can be avoided. Indeed, such deposits are avoided even when one would expect increased formation or precipitation of solids due to the heating of the medium. Because of the fact that the amount of energy required is injected into the medium to be heated in the form of "cold" energy, namely in the form of rays or waves of suitable wavelength that are absorbed by the medium to be heated, a high temperature difference between the medium and the separating walls, through which the energy is supplied, can be avoided.
In addition to microwaves, short-wave infrared rays, and rays in the range extending from infrared to visible light, are preferred as the form of energy used in the heating process. The wavelength of this short-wave infrared radiation is advantageously between 1000 nm and 800 nm, corresponding to a radiator temperature of between about 1500 degrees K. and 2300 degrees K. But also with lower radiator temperatures e.g., 1000 degrees K., a substantial amount of heat is generated in the radiator, which heats up the radiator components, at least in the area of the irradiation element. To avoid heat transfer in the case of IR radiation by convection or conduction, IR radiators can be used which are separated from the medium to be heated by a ray-permeable insulation. For this purpose separating walls of quartz glass are especially suited. In addition, intermediate spaces between these separating walls can be filled with an insulating gas and/or at least partially evacuated. It is also possible to cool these intermediate spaces, e.g. by circulation of a cooling gas. In this way the outer wall of the radiator or a ray-permeable separating wall coming into contact with the medium can be held at a temperature which does not or only insignificantly exceeds the temperature of the medium to be heated, whereby the undesirable deposits are avoided.
The rays penetrating the medium to be heated are absorbed by said medium, and thereby decrease in intensity with increasing distance from the radiator. Since fast heating of the medium is desired, preferably to temperatures above 200 degrees C., it is advantageous to provide for a combined arrangement of several radiators or to arrange or direct the medium around the radiators in such a manner that the ray density in the medium preferably corresponds at all points to at least the ray density at the half-value penetration depth of a radiator. With the aforementioned IR rays in used oil this value in function of the wavelength lies between 20 and 100 nm.
In this way the rays
REFERENCES:
patent: 1551173 (1925-08-01), Royce et al.
patent: 1876035 (1932-09-01), Tennent
patent: 2357286 (1944-09-01), Reavell
patent: 2954826 (1960-10-01), Sievers
patent: 3092503 (1963-06-01), Gray
patent: 3147366 (1964-09-01), Dreyfoos
patent: 3505172 (1970-04-01), Achener
patent: 3546431 (1970-12-01), Gibbs
patent: 3813514 (1974-05-01), Canty
patent: 3906188 (1975-09-01), Gamell
patent: 3983361 (1976-09-01), Wild et al.
patent: 4042334 (1977-08-01), Matovich
patent: 4534282 (1985-08-01), Marinoza
Bartis Anthony
Rivi Establishment
LandOfFree
Apparatus for heating liquid media by infrared irradiation does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Apparatus for heating liquid media by infrared irradiation, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Apparatus for heating liquid media by infrared irradiation will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-420280