Gas separation – Two or more separators – Spaced for parallel flow of gas
Patent
1988-03-15
1989-12-05
Hart, Charles
Gas separation
Two or more separators
Spaced for parallel flow of gas
55507, 55508, 55523, B01D 4624
Patent
active
048850144
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an apparatus for filtering gases with a closed container which is divided by a horizontal perforated plate into a lower compartment provided with a gas inlet and an upper compartment provided with a gas outlet, and with tubular or candle-shaped filter elements which are sealingly suspended in holes of the perforated plate and are supported by a flange-type enlargement at their upper end on the perforated plate.
Apparatus of this kind are used, for example, to filter hot gases which result from coal gasification. The gas to be filtered flows under positive pressure from the outside to the inside through the filter elements, and in known apparatus a very large number of such filter elements are suspended parallel to one another in the perforated plate. On account of local pressure fluctuations, lateral forces may act on the filter elements and cause the filter elements to be swivelled in their supporting seat. In this case, the filter elements are automatically partly lifted off their supporting surface, which eliminates the seal between filter elements and perforated plate.
Sealing could only be ensured by the filter elements in known perforated plates being clamped against the perforated plate by additional devices. In practice, however, this is difficult to realize as gases flow through the region of the filters at a very high temperature (e.g. 1000 degrees C.). Also, the arrangement of additional clamping elements would render the apparatus very complicated, and, in particular, it must be taken into account that the holes in the perforated plate are normally arranged very close together, which leaves little space for the arrangement of separate clamping elements.
Finally, in the event of an undesired high rise in pressure, such clamping elements would prevent the filter elements from being raisable for a short time from their sealing seat, thereby enabling them to assume the function of a safety valve.
The object of the invention is to so develop an apparatus of the generic kind that perfect sealing of the filter elements relative to the perforated plate is also ensured during swivel motion of the filter elements relative to the vertical center axis of the holes in the perforated plate without additional structural measures.
This object is achieved, in accordance with the invention, in an apparatus of the kind described at the beginning, by the flange-type enlargement forming a bearing surface which lies on the surface of a sphere with center point above the bearing surface and on the vertical center axis of the filter element, and by the hole in the perforated plate so surrounding at a distance the filter shell of the filter element downwardly adjoining the enlargement that the filter element can swivel over a certain angular range about the center point of the sphere.
This spherical-cap-type design of the bearing surface enables swivel motion of the filter element about the center point of the sphere surface without breaking the sealing contact with the surrounding supporting surface of the hole. Therefore, even in the case of slight swivel motion of the filter element, effective sealing between filter element and perforated plate is at any rate guaranteed.
Provision may be made for an inwardly protruding annular shoulder on which the bearing surface of the enlargement is supported to be arranged in the hole of the perforated plate.
It is expedient for the center point of the sphere surface to lie in the plane of the upper edge of the filter element as, in this way, the center point of the upper edge does not change its position relative to the perforated plate upon swivel motion of the filter element.
Provision may be made for the supporting surface of the perforated plate on which the bearing surface of the filter element rests to likewise lie on the sphere surface. A surface-to-surface contact between bearing surface and supporting surface which may result in a particularly effective sealing is then obtained.
In a modified embodiment, provision is made for the bearing surfac
REFERENCES:
patent: 4692176 (1987-09-01), Israelson
patent: 4725356 (1988-02-01), Zievers et al.
patent: 4735635 (1988-04-01), Israelson et al.
Reinhardt Erich
Schubert Rainer H.
Hart Charles
Schumacher'sche Fabrik GmbH & Co. KG
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