Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – With means for controlling casing or flow guiding means in...
Patent
1983-02-15
1985-06-04
Powell, Jr., Everette A.
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
With means for controlling casing or flow guiding means in...
415 7, F03B 1312
Patent
active
045211523
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The energy contained in a wave consists on one hand of the potential energy required to form the water surface and on the other hand the kinetic energy corresponding to the sum of the kinetic energies of the individual water particles when moving in circular paths.
Thus the present invention relates to an apparatus for extracting at least the inherent kinetic energy from waves, characterized by comprising a coherent intake plane extending continuously from the intake side to the outtake side, along which plane the waves are to roll freely from the intake side to the outtake side and, provided at the outtake side of the intake plane, a depression which, via a sharp front edge of the intake plane, merges in a duct directed backwardly in such a way that the inherent kinetic energy of the waves is released in that the water particles travelling forwards in the direction of the wave motion as well as those travelling backwards, which rotate in circular paths, are caused to flow in one direction through the duct for delivery to an energy converter, for instance a turbine.
The kinetic energy inherent in a wave consists more exactly, of particles which rotate in circular or deformed circular paths with the external diameter in the vertical sense equal to the height of the wave, i.e. the difference between wave crest and wave trough. The speed of the wave in the horizontal sense of movement is considerably lower than the rotational speed of the water particles in the circular paths of the inherent energy. When the wave in a certain section has travelled up to the depression of the apparatus the wave drops vertically downwards while the rotating water particles of the inherent energy in the circular paths are broken loose from their paths and are forced to change direction of movement at retained speed. To this effect the apparatus is so designed that the changed movement of the water particles is caught and conducted via the duct to the energy converter. When the wave drops abruptly at the depression of the apparatus, specifically the inherent energy of the water particles moving backwards at the bottom of the circular movement is released and is accompanied by the particles travelling forwards and downwards at the top of the same circular movement and are all conducted towards the energy converter, which preferably consists of a turbine.
The height of the steep depression of the apparatus is to be equal to or less than the radius of the circles situated on a wavelength and being about 8 in number. This applies to the size of an average wave measured on the coast area where the apparatus is to be placed. If the wave is larger than this average wave, the inherent energy in connection with the circulation centre will not be utilized but this gives only a rather slight loss of rotational energy.
The invention will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawing which schematically shows an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.
In the drawing,
FIG. 1 is a side view of the apparatus as seen in cross-section, submerged in water; and
FIG. 2 is a top view of the apparatus.
The intake plane, designated 1, is coherent and extends continuously from the intake side 2 to the outtake side 3. The waves are to roll freely along the intake plane 1 from the intake side 2 to the outtake side 3. In accordance with the invention, a duct 5 is connected to intake plane 1 and includes an entrance portion directed substantially beneath the plane toward the intake side 2. A wall of the entrance portion of duct 5 merges with the edge of plane 1 at the outtake side 3 and forms a sharp angle therewith, as shown in FIG. 1. The entrance portion of the duct further defines a depression 4, into which the waves fall after passing over plane 1. The water may then be delivered via duct 5 to associated energy converting means such as turbine or the like, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The intake plane 1 inclines upwards, as counted from the intake side 2, this inclination being at most 1:7. Via th
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