Fluid handling – Diverse fluid containing pressure systems – Fluid separating traps or vents
Patent
1995-08-07
1998-03-10
Michalsky, Gerald A.
Fluid handling
Diverse fluid containing pressure systems
Fluid separating traps or vents
1378992, 210536, B01D 17032
Patent
active
057250111
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an apparatus for drainage of liquids, especially two non-miscible liquids having different specific gravities, such as water and oil, from a surface, especially from the deck of a tanker.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
When a tanker handles oil, it generally always lies with so-called aft trim, i.e. with a larger draft aft than before. Moreover, such vessels are constructed with a deck curvature, i.e. the deck curves upwards towards the centre line and then downwards towards the ship's side at both sides. This entails that rainwater and waste water on the deck flow aftwards and towards the sides. In addition, tankers at both sides in the longitudinal direction have a vertical flat iron strip which is welded to the deck. This strip is about 150 mm high along its entire length and is to protect against oil flowing overboard. In order to be able to keep the deck free of water in other cases than in cargo handling, each strip along its entire length has a plurality of drainage holes, so-called scuppers.
In cargo handling it is a requirement that the scuppers are closed. Since a liquid in aft trim flows aftwards and outwards towards the sides, said strip in this situation has a very modest function. The liquid is collected in a wedge-shaped pond at both sides at the rear edge of the deck where the flow is stopped by the rear superstructure of the vessel. With a continuous flow, the liquid level rises to the upper edge of the strip furthest aftwards, and the liquid flows overboard. If water is standing at the rear edge of the deck when an oil spill on the deck occurs, oil flows on top of the water and overboard. The deck therefore, for example in rainy weather, must be drained continuously by opening the rearmost scupper. If an oil spill then should occur, oil flows overboard throught the scupper. If the deck is dry in case of an oil spill, one has problems in getting the oil away before it rises above the strip and flows overboard.
It occurs that one has prepared small pneumatically driven pumps which are to drain the oil spill to a suitable tank on the vessel. In most cases, however, the preparedness is limited to some empty lubricating oil drums, shovels and saw dust. This is very often insufficient in case of larger oil spills.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Thus, the object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which eliminates the above-mentioned problems, and which in a simple but efficient manner provides for separate drainage of oil and water from a surface, and especially from the deck of a tanker.
The above object is achieved with an apparatus of the introductorily stated type, which, according to the invention, is characterized in that it comprises an upwardly open, well-forming container which, in use, is installed with its upper edge essentially flush with said surface, and which is provided in its upper portion with a first and a second outlet means, the first outlet means being at a lower level than the second one, and a tube arranged in the container, which tube has a lower open end at a level at the bottom of the container, and an upper end which is carried in a sealing manner through the wall of the container and is connected to the first outlet means.
The apparatus according to the invention is based on the principle of communicating vessels. As known, with a pair of communicating vessels which contain the same liquid, e.g. water, there is achieved a balance at exactly the same levels in both vessels. If oil is filled on top of the water in one vessel, a balance is achieved at a higher level in this vessel, since oil is always lighter than water. Thus, a balance in weight between the liquid columns in the two vessels is achieved at a more or less higher level in the vessel containing oil.
As stated above, the upwardly open, well-forming container in the apparatus according to the invention has an inner tube the upper end of which is connected to the lower outlet means of the container, which means forms an outlet towards the seaward side when the apparatus is insta
REFERENCES:
patent: 405047 (1889-06-01), Newsome
patent: 616661 (1898-12-01), Glenn
patent: 1627569 (1927-05-01), Massicks
Browning Clifford W.
Michalsky Gerald A.
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