Mining or in situ disintegration of hard material – Expansible breaking-down devices – Fluid-pressed element
Patent
1990-04-25
1991-06-04
Kisliuk, Bruce M.
Mining or in situ disintegration of hard material
Expansible breaking-down devices
Fluid-pressed element
299 23, E21C 3704, E21C 3706
Patent
active
050208594
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to mining art and civil engineering and has specific reference to apparatus for disintegrating monolythic entities.
PRIOR ART
Known in the art is an appartus for disintegrating monolythic entities (SU, A, 1,033,819) incorporating a cylindrical body formed by two thrust plates fitted with provision for reciprocating back and forth at right angles to an axis of the body so as to exert a direct thrusting action on the entity subjected to disintegration, provided the apparatus is installed in a hole drilled in the monolyth. An expansion chamber made of a resilient material and containing a stiff rectilinear member in the form of a perforated tubular core extends axially inside the body in a coaxial position therewith. Pipe unions provided at the ends of the core serve to connect the expansion chamber to a source of high-pressure fluid. The ends of the expansion chamber are connected in an air-tight fashion to rigid flanges in the form of tapped sleeves screwing whereinto are the respective externally threaded pipe unions. An inside surface of each thrust plate is formed by two planes extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the chamber and making an obtuse angle with each other. A portion of the inside surface of each thrust plate is contiguous to a portion of an outside surface of the expansion chamber. Two wedge-shaped inserts located at diametrically opposite sides relatively to the geometrical axis of the expansion chamber serve to set up orientated forces inside the body, i.e., between the thrust plates. A plane surface of each wedge-shaped insert contacts the outside surface of the expansion chamber with a portion thereof not in contact with the respective thrust plate, and two side surfaces of each wedge-shaped insert, forming an acute angle with each other, are contiguous to plane surfaces of the inside surface of the respective thrust plate. The wedge-shaped inserts are designed to transmit the force exerted by the expansion chamber to the thrust plates within those portions of the expansion chamber which do not contact the thrust plates. The wedge-shaped inserts also serve as sealing means of the expansion chamber within the areas in contact with them. The thrust plates are held fast to the expansion chamber by a fastener in the form of a board ring in a resilient material which girdles the body from the outside, fitting into an annular groove of the body.
The known apparatus has failed to receive wide-spread application due to a comparatively low pressure, commonly not over 100 MPa, which the expansion chamber is capable of creating. The force of the apparatus exerts on the walls of the hole drilled in the monolyth is consequently low. The point is that the high axial loads imposed by the compressed fluid on the end faces of the stiff rectilinear member and the end faces of the flanges held fast to this member cause it to elongate so that gaps are formed between the end faces of the flanges and those of the thrust plates which face each other. Packing these gaps under pressure over 100 MPa is a problem so that the resilient material of the expansion chamber bulges thereinto. The remedy in this case, brought about by an excessive elongation of the rectilinear tubular member, is to increase the stiffness of this member.
This can be accomplished by increasing the diameter of the tubular member. However, an increase beyond a certain limit, decided by the size of the space inside the expansion chamber which, in turn, is dictated by the thickness of the walls of this chamber and the over-all dimensions of the apparatus in cross section is impossible. Any increase in the size of the space in the expansion chamber without changing the thickness of the walls thereof and the over-all cross-sectional dimensions of the apparatus reduces the length of travel (stroke) of both the wedge-shaped inserts and thrust plates. The cross-sectional area of the tubular member is also reduced by the bore thereof and the perforations in the side wall thereof which serve
REFERENCES:
patent: 3791698 (1974-02-01), Darda
patent: 4871212 (1989-10-01), Lebedev
Chevakin Ivan V.
Pesin Abram I.
Bagnell David J.
Kisliuk Bruce M.
Spetsializirovanny Trest PO Remontu Promyshlennykh Zdany I Sorru
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