Power plants – Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of... – Having means analyzing composition of exhaust gas
Patent
1993-11-09
1995-05-02
Lazarus, Ira S.
Power plants
Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of...
Having means analyzing composition of exhaust gas
60285, 60286, 123681, F01N 320
Patent
active
054108730
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Technical Field
This invention relates to an apparatus for diminishing the amount of nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) in the exhaust gases of an automobile.
2. Background Art
There is known an apparatus which is designed for diminishing the amount of NO.sub.x in the exhaust gases of a diesel engine by supplying a reducing agent, such as ammonia, into the exhaust gases. For example, the Japanese Patent Application laid open under No. 83816/1989 discloses an by an NO.sub.x analyzer, and blows ammonia into the exhaust gases apparatus which detects the amount of NO.sub.x in exhaust gases in accordance with the amount of NO as detected. The use of ammonia, however, calls for a great deal of care, as it has an objectionable odor.
There is also known an apparatus which relies upon a catalytic converter incorporated in the exhaust system of an automobile for diminishing the amount of NO.sub.x in its exhaust gases. The catalytic converter relies upon hydrocarbon for its reducing action, but the exhaust gases do not contain a sufficiently large amount of hydrocarbon for the action of the catalytic converter. Therefore, the known apparatus fails to diminish the amount of NO.sub.x effectively.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide an apparatus which can supply a sufficiently large amount of hydrocarbon for a catalytic converter to effectively diminish the amount of NO.sub.x.
According to a first aspect of this invention, the object thereof is attained by an apparatus for diminishing the amount of NO.sub.x in the exhaust gases of an engine of the type in which fuel is injected into its cylinders, which comprises an injector associated with the intake system of the engine for injecting fuel into the intake system, means for calculating the amount of NO.sub.x in the exhaust gases from the rotating speed of the engine and the angle of a control lever, and means for controlling the injection of the fuel by the injector in accordance with the load of the engine and the amount of NO.sub.x as calculated.
According to a second aspect of this invention, there is also provided an apparatus for diminishing the amount of NO.sub.x in the exhaust gases of an engine of the type as defined above, which comprises an injector associated with the intake system of the engine for injecting fuel into the intake system, a sensor for NO.sub.x installed downstream of a catalytic converter in the exhaust pipe of the engine, and a controller for controlling the injection of the fuel by the injector in accordance with the load of the engine and the output of the sensor.
According to a third aspect of this invention, there is provided an apparatus for diminishing the amount of NO.sub.2 in the exhaust gases of an engine, which comprises an injector associated with the exhaust system of the engine for injecting fuel into the exhaust system between the engine and a catalytic converter in the exhaust pipe of the engine, a sensor for NO.sub.x installed downstream of the catalytic converter, and means for controlling the injection of the fuel by the injector in accordance with the load of the engine and the output of the sensor.
The material employed in the apparatus of this invention for diminishing NO.sub.x is a common fuel which is easy to handle, since it does not have an objectionable odor such as that present when ammonia is used. The injection of the fuel into the intake or exhaust system of the engine also produces the effect of diminishing smoke.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first example of an apparatus embodying this invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relation as observed between the rotating speed (number of revolutions) of an engine and the torque thereby produced, when the angle of a control lever is employed as a parameter;
FIG. 3 is a graph similar to FIG. 2, but showing the relation when the amount of NO.sub.x is employed as a parameter;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the percentage of NO.sub.x removal in relation to the ratio
REFERENCES:
patent: 3982393 (1976-09-01), Masaki
patent: 4051672 (1977-10-01), Masaki
patent: 4134261 (1979-01-01), Iizuka
patent: 4756155 (1988-07-01), Shinzawa
Isuzu Motors Limited
Lazarus Ira S.
O'Connor Daniel J.
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