Harvesters – Cornstalk type – Cutters
Patent
1993-08-18
1995-01-03
Novosad, Stephen J.
Harvesters
Cornstalk type
Cutters
56 99, 56246, 56293, A01D 3473, A01D 3413, A01G 304
Patent
active
053774809
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of agricultural mowing machines and lawn mowers for tending grass areas.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
At the present time, agricultural mowing machines and lawn mowers are substantially of two widely used types, namely principally free-cutting rotary mowing machines and to a lesser extent, beam mowers.
Rotary mowing machines, the principle of which is also applied to many lawn mowers, work with very high peripheral speeds Of the cutters fastened on the outside of a rotor. These speeds amount to about 40 to 80 meters per second, so that enormous centrifugal forces are produced. If foreign bodies, for example stones, come into the range of action of the cutters and are thrown off, there is a serious risk to animals and people.
With beam mowers problems arise through friction between the stationary and moving parts of the mowing system, particularly through the penetration of sand, dirt or plant sap into the zone between the two parts. This results in high energy consumption, even during idling. In addition, the cutters must be regularly reground.
Since rotating rotary mowing machines and lawn mowers have a relatively high power consumption because of the high peripheral speeds, only two types of drive are available for known types of mowing machines and lawn mowers, namely either an electric motor connected to the mains or a petrol or diesel engine, the engine being used either as a direct drive, as in the conventional lawn mower, or as an indirect drive via the so-called power take-off shaft of a tractor for agricultural machines. In the case of the electric motor the autonomy of the mower is restricted by the length of the power cable and there is a danger that the cable will become caught in the mower. In the case of the petrol engine, the noise and exhaust gases are a nuisance, so that the use of such mowers is increasingly controlled by regulations. Thus, for example, in some countries noise emission is already limited by law.
In the case of agricultural applications the relatively high weight of mowing machines and their tractors is an additional disadvantage, since it is well known to lead to extremely undesirable soil compaction.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention now seeks to indicate a mowing apparatus which is distinguished by low energy consumption and with which there is no danger to people or animals from parts or objects thrown off. In addition, the mowing machine according to the invention should also be as light as possible, so that undesirable soil compaction does not occur.
The invention relates to an apparatus for cutting down elongated standing crops, particularly stalk material, which has a cutting compartment to receive the crop and has a static member acting as an opposing bearing for the crop and provided with a stop edge for the latter, and which has a movable member which compacts the crop in the cutting compartment, the crop being cut off by the cooperation of the two members.
The apparatus according to the invention is characterised in that during the cutting operation the movable member is driven substantially parallel to said stop edge, and in that the movement during cutting is made tangentially to the crop.
The feature of the invention that "during the cutting operation the movable member is driven substantially parallel to said stop edge" means that the movement component of the movable member in the direction parallel to the stop edge is greater than that in the direction at right angles to the latter, namely during the cutting down of the crop. During the cutting phase the movable member thus moves substantially along the stop edge, and this movement permits the tangential cutting of the crop, this cutting being distinguished in particular by extremely low energy consumption and equally low noise emission.
This tangential cut is a genuine cut, comparable with the cut made by a domestic blade, and requires the application of substantially less force because at the same time as the blade penetrates i
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