Optics: measuring and testing – By particle light scattering – With photocell detection
Patent
1988-04-25
1989-10-17
McGraw, Vincent P.
Optics: measuring and testing
By particle light scattering
With photocell detection
250574, 356440, G01N 2115, G01N 2153
Patent
active
048742430
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and improved method of, and apparatus for, continuously measuring the turbidity of a fluid which contains particles causing such turbidity.
In its more particular aspects the present invention specifically relates to a new and improved method of, and apparatus for, continuously measuring turbidity of a fluid which contains particles causing such turbidity, with the aid of a measuring probe which comprises a window and a built-in optical system for evaluating or appraising the fluid which is irradiated at least in the region of the measuring probe.
For measuring the turbidity of a a contaminated fluid there is generally used a measuring probe for irradiating the fluid which flows by or is present in a container. The rays reflected by the particles causing turbidity are collected by an optical system built into the measuring probe and fed to a receiver where the intensity of the reflected rays is detected and eventually necessary control steps are initiated.
In such apparatus it is disadvantageous that the end window of the measuring probe and which end window comes into contact with the fluid, is quickly covered by the particles contained in the fluid. Thus the maintenance intervals, even in compensated systems, are mainly determined by the contamination of the end window. A further disadvantage lies in the fact that, due to the covered end window, the measurement is falsified in the sense of a seemingly stronger reflection.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, with the foregoing in mind it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a new and improved method of, and apparatus for, continuously measuring turbidity of a fluid which contains particles causing such turbidity, and which method and apparatus are not afflicted with the drawbacks and limitations of the prior art heretofore discussed.
Another significant object of the present invention is directed to a new and improved method of, and apparatus for, continuously measuring turbidity of a fluid which contains particles causing such turbidity, and which method and apparatus permit obtaining unobjectionable measuring results over long time periods of use of the measuring apparatus.
Yet a further important object of the present invention aims at providing a new and improved construction of an apparatus for continuously measuring turbidity of a fluid which contains particles causing such turbidity, and which apparatus is simple in construction and design, quite economical to manufacture, highly reliable in operation, not readily subject to breakdown or malfunction and requires a minimum of maintenance and servicing.
Now in order to implement these and still further objects of the invention, which will become more readily apparent as the description proceeds, the apparatus of the present development is manifested, among other things, by the features that, a measuring chamber is throughpassed by at least a partial flow of the fluid to be investigated. The measuring probe is arranged in a manner such that the at least partial flow of the fluid to be investigated impinges upon an end window of the measuring probe at a predetermined impingement angle.
As alluded to above, the invention is not only concerned with the aforementioned apparatus aspects, but also relates to a novel method of continuously measuring turbidity of a fluid which contains particles causing such turbidity.
To achieve the afore-mentioned measures, the inventive method, in its more specific aspects, comprises evaluating, as a measure of the turbidity of the fluid, the intensity of the rays which are reflected by the irradiated fluid and received by the optical system of the measuring probe.
Due to the continuous rinsing of the end window in the inventive construction and which rinsing may be still intensified by means of a nozzle, there results a mechanical self-cleaning of the end window and practically makes impossible the formation of a deposit on the end window. Precise measuring results are thus obtained
REFERENCES:
patent: 3496366 (1970-02-01), Hunziker et al.
patent: 3714444 (1973-01-01), Carr et al.
patent: 3861198 (1975-01-01), Shea
patent: 4343552 (1982-08-01), Blades
Kleeman Werner W.
McGraw Vincent P.
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