Power plants – Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of... – By means producing a chemical reaction of a component of the...
Patent
1996-08-23
1998-04-14
Hart, Douglas
Power plants
Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of...
By means producing a chemical reaction of a component of the...
60299, 422176, F01N 328
Patent
active
057379181
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of engineering industry and more particularly, automotive industry and namely: to exhaust apparatus provided with means for cleaning exhaust gases of solid particles, for instance, soot.
STATE OF PRIOR ART
The state of prior art is featured by the following apparatus. Mercedes-Benz apparatus are shown to be used for retaining solid particles ("Prospects for Saving Energy and Ecological Influence of Internal Combustion Engines". Express-Information. Issue "Ecological Problems on Transport" No. 32, 1992, pp. 24-25, FIG. 12). These apparatus are made in the form of special filters in which a winding of ceramic filaments or porous walls retain solid particles. Such filters allow to ensure a substantial vehicle run (up to 100 km) without burning the particles that have clogged the filter. Subsequently the filter, when clogged up, undergoes regeneration or is thrown away.
An apparatus is known to be used for afterburning of solid particles contained in exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine (DE, C, 3734197, 1989). This apparatus comprises a rotational combustion chamber in which a catalytic afterburning apparatus (filter) is installed to separate the combustion chamber into a space upstream the filter and a space downstream the filter. Upstream the combustion chamber an igniter is mounted that is connected thereto through a tangentially located hole. The catalytic unit is made of a ceramic monolith with axial through-holes. This apparatus of prior art knowledge allows to clean exhaust gases of solid particles.
A method is known to be used for producing a catalyst for cleaning exhaust gases (JP, B 3-34367, 22.05.91).
According to this method for applying coatings, a liquid composition is obtained from an activated alumina powder, cerium, powdered. ceria, and zirconium. The composition thus obtained is applied to the surface of a monolith base of carrier, whereupon a catalytic component of noble metal is applied thereto.
A method is known to be used for producing a catalyst for cleaning exhaust gases (JP, A, 2-17943, 22.01.92). According to this method, a suspension is prepared from a powdered mixture of vanadium oxide and alumina in a predetermined proportion according to prescribed technology. Then a carrier is submerged into the suspension thus prepared, whereupon it is dried up and calcinated in order to form an oxide surface layer on it, and after this a catalytically active metal--platinum, rhodium and/or palladium--is precipitated on the carrier thus coated.
A method is also known to be used for the manufacture of catalytic units for neutralizing harmful gases (EP, A 0203525 22.05.1986). according to this method, a catalytic composition containing alumina and ceria is applied to a monolyth honeycombed carrier by precipitation.
The composition is produced by impregnating a water insoluble cerium compound with at least one substance of the group consisting of water soluble aluminum compounds and alumina hydrates, and by calcinating the impregnation product followed by applying thereto at least one noble metal of the group consisting of platinum, palladium and rhodium.
The known methods allow to produce a carrier having a large free surface of over 100 m.sup.2 /g, thus ensuring high catalytic activity of such carriers.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The Applicant challenges the problem of creating a cleaning systems which, simultaneously with cleaning exhaust gases of solid particles, such as soot, would ensure neutralizing harmful gaseous emissions in order to improve ecology of the air atmosphere. Also, the neutralizing unit of such a system must, in the process of oxidizing soot particles, produce a reducing gas which neutralizes ecologically harmful nitrogen oxides. Besides, the catalytically active layer of the neutralizing unit must have high adhesive strength at relatively inexpensive production of such a unit.
This problem is solved owing to that the apparatus for cleaning exhaust gases of solid particles, comprising a rotational com
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patent: 3061416 (1962-10-01), Kazokas
patent: 4188309 (1980-02-01), Volker
patent: 5067319 (1991-11-01), Moser
patent: 5302355 (1994-04-01), Fujikura
Anisimov Mikhail Ivanovich
Farmakovsky Boris Vladimirovich
Khinsky Alexandr Pavlovich
Vinogradova Tatyana Sergeevna
Hart Douglas
Joint Stock Commercial Bank "Petrovsky"
Nath Gary M.
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