Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Chemical reactor – Waste gas purifier
Patent
1982-06-04
1984-05-29
Chiesa, Richard L.
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Chemical reactor
Waste gas purifier
55 74, 55267, 98 211, 165 61, 422 4, 422173, 423239, 423244, 423247, B01D 5336
Patent
active
044514352
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a national phase application of Patent Cooperation Treaty application PCT/EP81/00153 filed Sept. 30, 1981 and based upon German application Nos. P 30 39 239.2 filed Oct. 17, 1980, P 30 42 455 filed Nov. 11, 1980, P 31 03 302.4 and P 31 03 303.2 of Jan. 31, 1981 and P 31 27 129.4 of July 9, 1981, under the International Convention.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method of and to an apparatus for the cleaning of air loaded with pollutants, preferably for air fed to cabins or the like serving to provide shelter for persons by employing sorption and catalyst masses.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known to rid the air from pollutants by way of absorption, adsorption and catalyst masses. Sorption masses depend for their capacity very much on the water vapor partial pressure and, in fact, the capacity of activated charcoal a number of materials difficult to dissolve in water drop if the relative humidity of the air is above 50 percent, such that in part materials absorbed in this range are already released again.
Catalyst masses become useless even at very small relative humidities. In order to protect catalyst masses against changes in humidity level they have to be heated up.
In a heated state, however, sorption masses and in particular absorption masses have poor sorption properties, or part of the sorbed pollutants can be released again. Thus a preheating of the air to be cleaned with simultaneous application of sorption and catalyst effective masses has proven to be unsuitable because of the counter production behavior, since the preheating did not lead to the desired success.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide a method and a device for the purposes described, which can free air from pollutants with simultaneous application of sorption and catalyst masses while avoiding the above mentioned disadvantages, where in addition the sorption and catalyst masses have a comparably useful life.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the method this is achieved by feeding, the air to be freed from pollutants initially at ambient temperature through chemisorption filter masses and freeing the air here from acid gases, hydrocarbons and solid dust particles and only then heating the air via a heating device to such an extent that the water vapor pressure of the air is sufficiently above the water pick-up point of the following catalyst masses for the transformation of carbon monoxide (CO), then passing the heated air through these masses into carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and the air freed from pollutants after passing of the catalyst masses is fed to a cooling zone which cools the air to the extent necessary to serve people in the work place, for example of the industrial safety cabin or of the vehicle cabin.
According to the invention the air to be inhaled and to be freed from pollutants for the industial safety cabin is fed initially over a soda-lime layer for the preferred absorption of sulfur dioxide (SO.sub.2), sulfur triooxide (SO.sub.3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO.sub.2).
A catalyst layer is disposed downstream as a second layer, which layer comprises hopcalite in order to transform the nitrogen monoxide (NO) not absorbed into nitrogen dioxide (NO.sub.2), which is then absorbed by a third layer, an activated charcoal layer, which also absorbs the hydrocarbon compounds.
Then a fourth layer is disposed behind the activated charcoal layer and the fourth layer comprises a catalyst, which transforms carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and the air is preferably heated before flowing through this catalyst layer, which preferably comprises hopcalite such that the air is cleaned without leaving humidity on the catalyst, for example hopcalite the product can serve as air to be inhaled or as purging air after having been cooled to a desired temperature. The heating and cooling are preferably provided by a Peltier-element.
Preferably, this arrangement of chemisorption masses according to the invention
REFERENCES:
patent: 2056663 (1936-10-01), Foulke
patent: 3348830 (1967-10-01), Pearl et al.
patent: 3750556 (1973-08-01), Duke et al.
patent: 3804942 (1974-04-01), Kato et al.
patent: 4133652 (1979-01-01), Ishikawa et al.
patent: 4315895 (1982-02-01), Bramer et al.
Dewert Heribert
Gresch Heinrich
Holter Heinz
Igelbuscher Heinrich
Chiesa Richard L.
Dubno Herbert
Holter Heinz
Ross Karl F.
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