Gas separation: apparatus – Electric field separation apparatus – And serially arranged nonelectrical separator
Patent
1994-05-13
1995-12-12
Chiesa, Richard L.
Gas separation: apparatus
Electric field separation apparatus
And serially arranged nonelectrical separator
55279, 96 59, 96 69, 96 97, 96 99, B03C 3011
Patent
active
054746000
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to air purification plants and more particularly to apparatus for biological purification and filtration of air.
PRIOR ART
An apparatus for biological purification of air is known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,918,939, said apparatus comprising a housing, at least one nondischarge precipitation electrode and at least one discharge electrode.
In the cited apparatus, particles suspended in air are forced to enter a working zone where they are subjected to electric forces influencing the magnitude and polarity of their charge. Depending on the magnitude of this charge, the particles precipitate on the electrodes and collecting plates so that purification of air is ensured thereby.
In that appartus, the efficiency of filtration depends on the strength of the electric field , the air flow rate and the properties of the particles, while the efficiency of the biological purification is proportional to the consumption of energy and, as a rule, is low.
A similar apparatus for purification and filtration of air is known from Su A 1,346,207, said apparatus comprising cartridges with filter elements of basaltic cardboard with water-repellent impregnation that are arranged across the flow in parallel to each other.
In this apparatus, air containing the particles to be removed is forced through plates. Therewith, those particles are mechanically captured which have geometrical dimensions exceeding the dimensions of the pores, in the cardboard.
In addition to this, the water-repellent impregnation of the cardboard results in the particles getting an electrostatic charge which causes them to precipitate on the walls of the pores. However, the cardboard used in the apparatus has low permeability and the pores are small in size this substantially increasing its aerodynamic drag, this limiting the service life. As a result, this apparatus has a short service life since the pores get rapidly clogged up with the particles captured thereby, and the water-repellent impregnation loses its tribostatic properties with time. Besides, it is necessary that a substantial positive pressure be built up in the system to ensure the operation of such an apparatus.
An apparatus for biological purification and filtration of air is also known from Japanese Application No. 55-28736, said apparatus comprising a coarse filter, an ionizer formed by at least a pair of electrodes connected to the opposite sign terminals of a power source, and a fine filter, which are installed in this order along the path of the gas flow. The coarse filter is made of woven filtering material.
The ionizer includes oppositely charged electrodes.
The fine filter comprises successive layers of woven filtering material and a reservoir filled with liquid.
Air to be purified is fed forcibly to the apparatus and passes through the coarse filter where the particles which have a size greater than the size of the cells in the woven material are captured. The particles remaining in the air then enter the ionization zone of the ionizer together with the air flow, where they acquire an electric charge and deposit on the wonven fine filter and on the surface of the liquid.
In this apparatus, a combined mechanism for collecting the particles is realized: due to mechanical capture and electric forces, as well as molecular forces.
Since the efficiency of cleaning is determined by the quantity of captured particles it is extremely important that each of the components of the cleaning apparatus captures as many particles as possible. However, in this construction the quantity of particles captured on the plate of the coarse filter will, as in the apparatuses described above, depend on the size of the cells in the filtering material, i.e., the smaller the size of the cells, the higher the efficiency of filtration (the smaller the particles removed), but simultaneously there is an increase in aerodynamic drag, and this leads to a shorter service life since the filtering material becomes fouled more rapidly and higher air pressure is require
REFERENCES:
patent: 3735560 (1973-05-01), Wellman
patent: 3798879 (1974-03-01), Schmidt-Burbach et al.
patent: 3918939 (1975-11-01), Hardt
patent: 4597781 (1986-07-01), Spector
patent: 4629479 (1986-12-01), Cantoni
patent: 4955991 (1990-09-01), Torok et al.
patent: 5034032 (1991-07-01), Yikai et al.
Nagolkin Alexandr V.
Volodina Elena V.
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