Abrasive tool making process – material – or composition – With carbohydrate or reaction product thereof
Patent
1988-11-07
1990-02-20
Meislin, D. S.
Abrasive tool making process, material, or composition
With carbohydrate or reaction product thereof
51168, 511314, B24B 700
Patent
active
049014773
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE ART
The invention relates to the mechanical engineering, and in particular, it deals with apparatuses for abrasive machining.
STATE OF THE ART
Known in the art is a machine tool for abrasive machining (U.S. Pat. No. 2,963,830) comprising a bed, an abrasive wheel mounted on a faceplate which is mounted on a drive shaft. The drive shaft is journalled in a casing supported by the bed by means of radial-thrust antifriction bearings. Rotation to the abrasive wheel is imparted by a drive through the drive shaft and the faceplate. A workhead mounted on the bed develops a force pressing the work to an end face of the abrasive wheel.
This force directed perpendicularly with respect to the end face of the abrasive wheel gives rise to a moment with respect to the bearings and causes deformation of the drive shaft, faceplate and abrasive wheel so that high dimensional accuracy of the working surface of the tool, hence high accuracy of machining cannot be achieved. In addition, as the drive shaft is journalled by means of radial-thrust bearings, vibrations of the abrasive wheel occur because of a limited accuracy of such bearings and plays therein thus also lowering accuracy of machining.
Known in the art is an apparatus for grinding workpieces (GB, A, No. 2124114) comprising a bed having an annular support which carries a faceplate mounted by means of a thrust bearing for supporting workpieces, a drive shaft being rigidly and coaxially secured to the faceplate and journalled in a radial bearing mounted in the annular support of the bed. The faceplate is rotated by a drive through a gearing and the drive shaft. A driven gear of the drive shaft is rigidly secured to its lower end, and forces are applied to its upper end face through piston rods of power cylinders equally spaced along circumference of the gear thereby ensuring a preload in the thrust bearing.
Radial and axial forces are developed in this machine, in the meshing zone of the gears to give rise to a tilting moment acting in the axial section of the drive shaft to deform the drive shaft which tends to lift the faceplate from the thrust bearing thereby disrupting uniformity of distribution of the preload in the thrust bearing and causing its non-uniform wear. This results in a loss of smoothness of rotation and occurrence of vibrations to lower accuracy of machining with time. In addition, a minor disruption of equality of forces provided by the power cylinders gives rise to additional moments acting in various sections of the drive shaft thereby resulting in a further increase in the tilting moment applied to the faceplate, hence in an increase in negative phenomena that do not allow machining at high speeds to be carried out.
An apparatus for abrasive machining of planar surfaces (SU,A, No. 1104762) free of these of these disadvantages comprises a bed supporting a workhead and an annular support. The annular support carries, by means of a thrust bearing, a faceplate which is rotated by means of a coaxial drive shaft rigidly secured thereto, the upper end of the shaft being journalled in an antifriction bearing mounted in the annular support, the lower end of the shaft being connected by means of a clutch to a stub shaft of a driven member of a drive, which is journalled in antifriction bearings mounted in a casing supported by the bed.
The apparatus also comprises an adjustable means for pressing the faceplate against the annular support which is in the form of an air-powered diaphragm having its casing secured to the bed.
This prior art apparatus makes it possible to ensure a more uniform load distribution at the thrust bearing because radial forces developed in the drive are eliminated and also owing to the coaxial arrangement of the air-powered diaphragm with respect to the drive shaft so that no tilting moments are generated in the axial planes. However, as the faceplate is pressed against the annular support through steps of the thrust bearing with a certain force, an increased runout of the lower end of the drive shaft occurs with a s
REFERENCES:
patent: 2315511 (1940-10-01), Elberty
patent: 3731436 (1973-05-01), Krafft
Batiashvili Boris I.
Bulskhrikidze David S.
Loladze Teimuraz N.
Mamulashvili Gennady L.
Meislin D. S.
Watson Bruce
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