Metal deforming – By use of tool acting during relative rotation between tool... – During rotation of work
Patent
1993-01-21
1994-08-23
Larson, Lowell A.
Metal deforming
By use of tool acting during relative rotation between tool...
During rotation of work
B21H 502
Patent
active
053396693
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The apparatus and process according to the invention relate to the cold forming of grooves on the revolving wall of a part by means of a pair of rotated knurling or milling wheels or rolls. These milling wheels have straight or inclined grooves on their peripheral wall, which are made to bear against the wall of the part, so that, by rolling, the wall undergoes a plastic deformation and in this way the corresponding grooves are obtained. The term rolling is generally understood to mean the application of a force to the rotating milling wheels, said wheels and their grooves sandwiching the revolving part on which forming is to take place, the part being rotated by friction with the milling wheels and their grooves. In general terms the grooves which it is proposed to produce thus make it possible to obtain shafts with parallel grooves or pinions having straight or inclined tooth systems, or threads for all types of applications.
Apparatuses or processes making it possible to obtain such grooves by rolling are already known. The GROB French patent 2 408 408 describes a process and an apparatus for forming by cold milling or knurling a tooth system on a cylindrical part rotating freely on a machine frame. This process relates to a machine of the type operating in remote manner between fixed axes, i.e. a machine whereof the axes of the shafts 8, 8' supporting the forming milling wheels 9, 9' are maintained at a constant equal distance from the axis of the revolving part to be formed throughout the forming operation. The two milling wheels 9, 9' have increasing radial tooth heights in the rotation direction so as to progressively penetrate the part 28. As has been explained in the above document, the teeth are produced in less than a revolution of the milling wheels, because the tooth profile of said wheels is evolutive. It is necessary to carry out a very precise angular keying or wedging of the milling wheels with respect to one another, so that the teeth of each wheel, during the rotation of the part, very accurately engage in the cavities formed by the teeth of the milling wheel located on the other side of the part.
This document describes means making it possible to obtain precision parts. It insists on the necessity of effectively keying the means supporting the bearings of the shaft, which drive the forming milling wheels 9, 9'. Such a keying or wedging by means of wedges or keys 15, 15' locked by screws 16, 16' bears on the frame of the machine 1. The synchronization of the shafts 8, 8' carrying the milling wheels is ensured by a pinion 21, which meshes on two other pinions 17, 17', each integral with one of the two shafts. A very precise angular keying of the milling wheels on the shafts has to be performed. The driving of the shafts of the milling wheels is brought about by two electric motors. A connection by articulated shafts 7, 7', provided with universal joints and sliding elements (not shown) makes it possible to adjust the distance between the milling wheel-holding shafts 8, 8', when this proves necessary.
Although this is not pointed out in the document, the remote forming apparatuses with a fixed centre-to-centre distance do not make it possible to produce precision parts, except when high quality evolutive profile milling wheels are used and which have a costly construction. The precise fitting of these milling wheels is relatively difficult and it is necessary to have a very considerable rigidity of the means supporting the shaft bearings, as well as the machine frame. Finally, these machines do not make it possible in general, to produce anything other than small parts. Thus, the necessity of having to produce the parts in less than one revolution of the milling wheel limits possibilities with regards to the production of larger parts.
Another process for the cold forming of grooves on the revolving wall of a part consists of using milling wheels having grooves or teeth with a constant profile instead of wheels having grooves or teeth with an evolutive profile
REFERENCES:
patent: 1463171 (1923-07-01), Mead
patent: 2883894 (1959-04-01), Tsuchikawa
patent: 2906147 (1959-09-01), Pelphrey
patent: 3552167 (1971-01-01), Bergi et al.
patent: 3675454 (1972-07-01), Pratt
patent: 4677836 (1987-07-01), Anderson et al.
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 9, No. 172 (M-397) (1895), Jul. 17, 1985 & JP-A-60 44220, Mar. 9, 1985.
Werkstatt und Betrieb, vol. 103, No. 7, 1970, pp. 507-515, H. Loos, "Zahnrad-Rollen".
Machine Design, vol. 41, No. 9, Apr. 17, 1969, pp. 233-238, F. J. Lavoie, "Roll-Forming Gears".
Cretin Michel
Lespour Jean-Paul
Marcon Charles
Escofier Technologie S.A.
Larson Lowell A.
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