Dynamic magnetic information storage or retrieval – Automatic control of a recorder mechanism – Controlling the head
Reexamination Certificate
2002-06-27
2004-12-14
Tran, Sinh (Department: 2651)
Dynamic magnetic information storage or retrieval
Automatic control of a recorder mechanism
Controlling the head
Reexamination Certificate
active
06831805
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an apparatus and method to read and/or write information to a magnetic tape. In certain embodiments, this invention relates to servo track following a moving magnetic tape having one or more servo edges of dissimilar recorded servo signals.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Automated media storage libraries are known for providing cost effective access to large quantities of stored media. Tape cartridges containing a moveable magnetic tape are often used in automated data storage libraries. Tape media, such a magnetic tape, is a common medium for the storage of data to be utilized by a computer. Magnetic tape has found widespread use as a data storage medium because it provides a relatively inexpensive solution for storing large amounts of data.
Magnetic tape data storage typically provides one or more prerecorded servo tracks to allow precise positioning of a tape head with respect to those prerecorded servo tracks. Servo sensors disposed on the tape head are used to track the recorded servo tracks. The tape head comprises one or more read/write elements precisely positioned with respect to those servo sensors. One example of a magnetic tape system is the IBM 3590, which employs magnetic tape having prerecorded servo patterns that include three parallel sets of servo edges, each servo edge being an interface between two dissimilar recorded servo signals, each set of servo edges comprising one servo edge on each of opposite lateral sides of a middle recorded servo signal.
In certain embodiments, the tape head includes a plurality of servo sensors for each servo edge, with the result that the tape head may be stepped between those servo sensors, each positioning the read/write elements at different interleaved groups of data tracks. Typically, for a given servo pattern of a set of two servo edges, the outer servo signals are recorded first, and the center servo signal is recorded last, to provide the servo edges. The nominal separation distance between the servo edges of each set of servo edges is a certain distance, but there is variation in the magnetic separation between the servo edges, for example, due to the variation of the width of the physical write element which prerecords the servo pattern, due to variation in the magnetic characteristics of the physical write element, etc. The variation may occur between servo tracks in a single magnetic tape, and may occur between prerecording devices and therefore between magnetic tapes.
To reduce the apparent difference of the edge separation distance of the prerecorded servo tracks from nominal, the prerecording of the servo tracks is conducted at different amplitudes so as to attempt to compensate for the physical difference and provide a magnetic pattern that is closer to nominal. Thus, the difference in physical distance and the amplitude compensation may tend to offset each other with respect to the apparent distance between the servo tracks. These actions may provide an adequate signal for track following at the servo edges.
However, to increase track density, a servo sensor may be indexed to positions laterally offset from the linear servo edges to provide further interleaved groups of data tracks. The indexed positions are determined by measuring the ratio between the amplitudes of the two dissimilar recorded servo signals. Thus, when the amplitudes of the recorded servo signals are varied to compensate for physical distance variations, track following the prerecorded servo edges at the offset indexed positions becomes less precise. As the result, the data tracks may vary from the desired positions, i.e. be “squeezed” together, such that writing on one track with a write element that is subject to track misregistration (TMR) may cause a data error on the immediately adjacent data track.
The tape path of the above IBM 3590 is a guided tape path. In such a guided tape path embodiment, the magnetic tape can be moved in a first direction and an opposing second direction along a first axis, i.e. along the longitudinal axis of the tape. Movement of that tape along a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, i.e. the lateral axis of the tape, is minimized. Limiting the lateral movement of the magnetic tape results in generating minimal guiding noise, and therefore, the step from a first ratio of servo signals to a second ratio is readily discernible.
Another approach, however, is required for open channel guiding in which the magnetic tape can move laterally a distance which is substantially greater than the separation between index positions, thereby introducing substantial noise into the guiding process. The guiding signal to noise ratio thus becomes negative, with the guiding noise being far larger than the step from one ratio to another, making it difficult to gather data points with a monotonic slope to conduct a calibration of the servo ratios.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Applicants' invention includes an apparatus and method to read and/or write information from and/or to a moving magnetic tape using a tape head disposed adjacent said magnetic tape, where that tape head includes (N) servo sensors and where that magnetic tape includes (N) servo edges to be read concurrently. Each such servo edge comprising an interface between a first recorded signal and a second recorded signal, where each of the (N) servo sensors detects the first recorded signal and the second recorded signal. Applicants' method first calculates (N) target PES signals, where the (i)th target PES signal is determined for the (i)th servo sensor. Applicants' method then provides (N) measured PES signals during a read/write operation, where the (i)th servo sensor provides the (i)th measured PES signal. Applicants' method then determines deviation D
i
, where D
i
comprises the absolute magnitude of the difference between the (i)th measured PES signal and the (i)th target PES signal. Applicants' method then assigns a weight factor WF
i
for the (i)th measured PES signal, where WF
i
is inversely related to D
i
.
Applicants' method then forms (N) weighted PES signals, where the (i)th weighted PES signal is formed by multiplying the (i)th weight factor times the (i)th measured PES signal. Applicants' method then uses those (N) weighted PES signals to form a Composite PES signal. That Composite PES signal is used to position the tape head during the read/write operation.
Applicants' invention further includes an article of manufacture comprising a computer useable medium having computer readable program code disposed therein for reading and/or writing information from and/or to a moving magnetic tape using a tape head disposed adjacent that magnetic tape, where that tape head includes (N) servo sensors and where that magnetic tape includes (N) servo edges, each servo edge comprising an interface between a first recorded signal and a second recorded signal, where each of said (N) servo sensors detects the first recorded signal and the second recorded signal.
Applicants' invention further includes a computer program product usable with a programmable computer processor having computer readable program code embodied therein for reading and/or writing information from and/or to a moving magnetic tape using a tape head disposed adjacent that magnetic tape, where the tape head includes (N) servo sensors and where the magnetic tape includes (N) servo edges, each servo edge comprising an interface between a first recorded signal and a second recorded signal, where each of the (N) servo sensors detects the first recorded signal and the second recorded signal.
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Chliwnyj Alex
Swanson David L.
Wills Steven C.
Habermehl James L.
International Business Machines - Corporation
Regelman Dale F.
Tran Sinh
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