Refrigeration – Means producing shaped or modified congealed product – Thawing means
Patent
1986-12-03
1987-11-24
Bennet, Henry A.
Refrigeration
Means producing shaped or modified congealed product
Thawing means
118 501, 34 92, 62100, 62 555, 422131, F25C 508, F26B 1330
Patent
active
047079983
ABSTRACT:
A method and apparatus for ultrarapid cooling of tissue samples against a chilled cryogenic surface. The cryogenic surface is enclosed in an ultra-high hydrocarbon free vacuum chamber during cooling of the cryogenic surface by a helium cryopump or multiple-stage refrigerator. Dry helium gas is introduced from an external source to raise the chamber pressure just prior to slamming or plunging a sample against the cryogenic surface. The cryogenic surface is heated for regeneration or cleaning purposes between each successive sample. During heating and cleaning of the cryogenic surface, an evacuated thermal break functionally separates the surface from the helium cryopump or multiple-stage refrigerator used to cool the surface. After regeneration or cleaning the cryogenic surfce, dry helium gas is reintroduced into the thermal break from an external source, thereby enabling the helium cryopump or multiple-stage refrigerator to rapidly recool the cryogenic surface and repeat the cycle for sequential samples with minimal regeneration time between each sample.
REFERENCES:
Escaig, Jacques, "New Instruments which Facilitate Rapid Freezing at 83K and 6K", Journal of Microscopy, Jun. 1982, at pp. 221-229.
Boyne, Alan F., "A Gentle, Bounce-Free Assembly for Quick-Freezing Tissues for Electron Microscopy: Application to Isolated Torpedine Ray Electrocyte Stacks", Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 1 (1979), pp. 353-364.
Coulter, H. David, "Freezing and Drying of Biological Tissues with a Toggle-Link Helium Freezer and an Improved Freeze-Drying Apparatus: Application to Neuropeptide Immunocytochemistry", Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique, 4 (1986), at pp. 315-328.
Reichert-Jung, "Cryovacublock"--Instruction Manual.
Escaig, Jacques, "Control of Different Parameters for Optimal Freezing Conditions", Science of Biological Specimen Preparation, pp. 117-122.
Handley, Dean A., et al., "The Design and Use of a Simple Device for Rapid Quench-Freezing of Biological Samples", Journal of Microscopy, Mar. 1981, at pp. 273-282.
Polaron Instruments Inc., "The Slammer" (brochure).
Med-Vac Inc., "Cryopress" (brochure).
Reichert-Jung, "Cryofract 190 Cryoblock" (brochure).
Quick Freezing Devices, "Quick Freezing by Bounce-Free Delivery" (brochure).
Moor, H. et al., "The Influence of High Pressure Freezing on Mammalian Nerve Tissue", Cell and Tissue Research, (1980), at pp. 201-216.
Linner John G.
Livesey Stephen
Bennet Henry A.
The Board of Regents, The University of Texas
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