Motion video signal processing for recording or reproducing – Local trick play processing – With randomly accessible medium
Reexamination Certificate
1998-01-20
2002-12-31
Boccio, Vincent (Department: 2615)
Motion video signal processing for recording or reproducing
Local trick play processing
With randomly accessible medium
C386S349000, C386S349000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06501901
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a digital signal editing apparatus and method which can preferably be employed when editing and displaying a moving image signal and an acoustic signal recorded on a storage medium which allows random access such as a magneto-optical disc.
2. Description of the Related Art
FIG. 1
shows configuration of a digital signal editing system for editing at least one coded data string recorded on a storage medium which allows random access such as an optical disc.
A coded data constituting said coded data string recorded in a storage medium
31
is reproduced by a reproduction apparatus
32
whose reproduction timing is controlled by a control unit
33
, and is displayed on a display unit
34
. Whiles the data is displayed on the display unit
34
, a portion to be edited is determined by an editor.
The control unit
33
, after moving a read position of the storage medium
31
up to the portion to be edited, makes the reproduction apparatus
32
start reproduction of a signal. The control unit
33
also controls the recording timing of the recording apparatus
35
. When the reproduction apparatus
32
starts reproduction of a signal, the signal is recorded on another recording medium
36
in the recording apparatus
35
.
For this, the reproduction apparatus
32
and the recording apparatus
35
should be synchronized for operation. This synchronization is controlled by a signal from the control unit
33
. Note that a signal transmitted from the reproduction apparatus
32
to the recording apparatus
35
is a coded signal which has been decoded or not. When a decoded signal is transmitted from the reproduction apparatus
32
to the recording apparatus
35
, the reproduction apparatus
32
decodes by a decoder a coded data from the storage medium
31
, so as to be transmitted to the recording apparatus
35
, which receives the decoded signal and codes the signal, which is recorded on the storage medium
36
.
FIG. 2
shows configuration of a digital signal editing system for carrying out a nonlinear edition. A data recorded on a storage recording medium
40
having a large capacity such as a magnetic tape is reproduced by a recording/reproduction apparatus
41
and read out to a storage unit
43
which allows random access such as a hard disc drive (HDD) connected to an editing unit
43
. This storage unit
43
may be built in the editing unit
42
. A data which is read out here is a coded data or an original signal such as an image/sound signal or the like according to the configuration of the editing system.
An editor, while checking the image/sound signal on a display unit
44
, edits a data in the storage unit
43
by the editing unit
42
and records the edited data in the storage unit
40
by using the recording/reproduction apparatus
41
. As this editing unit
42
, a personal computer and a work station may be used. In such a case, the storage unit
43
may be an HDD or RAM connected to (or built in) the computer.
It is possible to increase the editing efficiency by reading a data into the storage unit
43
allowing random access, but it is necessary that a data be read from the storage medium
40
into the storage unit
43
and, after edition is complete, the data should be written back into the aforementioned storage medium
40
. In the same way as the example of
FIG. 1
, the system of
FIG. 2
requires a reproduction process and a recording process.
A typical editing operation using the editing system shown in FIG.
1
and
FIG. 2
will be explained below with reference to FIG.
3
.
FIG. 3A
shows a part of data D
1
to be deleted and the data D
0
preceding the deleted data is connected to the data D
2
following the deleted data. This operation will be referred to as a skip edition.
FIG. 3B
shows a data divided at point P
A
into a data part D
0
and a data part D
1
, between which another data part D
2
is inserted. This editing operation will be referred to as an insert edition.
FIG. 3C
shows a data part D
1
replaced by another data D
3
. This operation will be referred to as a replacement edition.
Recently, in a system for recording an image signal and a sound signal on a recording medium such as an optical disc and a magnetic tape and reproducing the signal on a display unit, or in a video conference system or a visual telephone system in which an image signal and a sound signal are transmitted from a transmission side via a predetermined transmission path so as to be displayed at a reception side, these image and sound signals, after A/D conversion, are often subjected to coding by the MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) method for compressing a data amount.
Here, the MPEG is an abbreviation of a working group for moving image coding for storage, which belongs to ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29 (International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission, Joint Technical Committee 1/Sub Committee 29). There are ISO11172 as the MPEG1 standard, and ISO13818 as the MPEG2 standard. In these international standards, there are ISO11172-1 and ISO13818-1 for system multiplexing; ISO11172-2 and ISO13818-2 for image coding; and ISO11172-3 and ISO13818-3 for sound coding.
In order to code an image with a high efficiency and to realize random access, the MPEG provides three coding types: I picture, B picture, and P picture. Here, the term ‘picture’ represents a coded screen (frame or field) constituting a moving image.
The I picture is a data for which coding is complete in the aforementioned screen and is coded independently of another screen. Consequently, the I picture is used as an entry point for random access and error recovery. However, if the frequency of the I picture becomes high, the coding efficiency is lowered.
The P picture means a mode for carrying out forward predictive coding and is predicted from an I picture or P picture which is temporally in the past. Consequently, in order to decode a P picture, it is necessary that the preceding I picture or P Picture have been decoded. By using the P picture, the coding efficiency is increased in comparison with a case when carrying out coding only using the I picture.
The B picture is an advanced step of the P picture and provides a mode for carrying out predictive coding in both directions, i.e., by using I pictures or P pictures of the past and the future, prediction is carried out in a forward direction, a backward direction, or in both directions. Consequently, in order to decode a B picture, the preceding and the following I picture or P picture should have been decoded. By introducing this B picture, the coding efficiency is significantly improved.
In general, an ordinary application employs the aforementioned I, B, and P pictures in combination so as to obtain random access and a high coding efficiency.
FIG. 4A
shows an example of such combination. In this
FIG. 4A
, the aforementioned screens (pictures) are arranged in the display order. In this
FIG. 4A
, each of the arrows indicates a prediction direction. For example, when a B picture is to be decoded for display, the preceding and the following (temporally) I picture or P picture should be decoded prior to decoding the B picture.
More specifically, in a case when realizing the display order of the aforementioned
FIG. 4A
, in order to decode an image of the picture B
5
, at least pictures I
0
, P
2
, P
4
, and P
6
should be decoded in advance. That is, the picture P
2
is predicted from the picture I
0
; the picture P
4
is predicted from the picture P
2
; the picture P
6
is predicted from the picture P
4
; and the picture B
5
is predicted from the pictures P
4
and P
6
. Consequently, in order to decode the picture B
5
, the pictures I
0
, P
2
, P
4
, and P
6
should be decoded in advance.
Therefore, as shown in
FIG. 4B
, these pictures are arranged in the coded stream in the order of I
0
, P
2
, B
11
, P
4
, B
3
, . . . In other words, the coded stream of pictures as shown in
FIG. 4B
is recorded on the recording medium. Consequently, when reproduci
Kato Motoki
Tahara Katsumi
Yasuda Mikita
Boccio Vincent
Frommer William S.
Frommer & Lawrence & Haug LLP
Smid Dennis M.
Sony Corporation
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