Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing – Clotting or clotting factor level tests
Patent
1992-09-22
1994-03-22
Housel, James C.
Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
Clotting or clotting factor level tests
436 70, 422 73, 422 8213, 73 6441, 128638, G01N 3386
Patent
active
052963799
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to the simulation and monitoring of arterial thrombus formations. Specifically, a method of modeling thrombus formations using haemostasis measuring devices is disclosed.
Arterial thrombosis is essentially a platelet plug formation on a damaged vessel wall. Normally, the lumen of the vessel wall is lined by a non-thrombogenic layer. When the deeper layers of the vessel wall are exposed to the flowing blood through damage, it is mainly collagen fibers embedded into the connective tissue which activates platelets and set in motion a chain of events leading to a sudden thrombus formation. The collagen-platelet interaction is therefore the major contributor to thrombogenesis.
Measurements of the physical attributes of blood in vitro has been described in previous patents and patent applications of the inventor. In PCT/GB87/00633, there is described a dual channel device for measuring various haemostasis clotting and the like properties of blood, and specifically to apparatus enabling measurements of such quantities to be made on blood. In the device described in the aforesaid published patent application, there is described a technique which permits the simulation of flowing blood through an artery, and the consequences of a sudden puncture to the tube carrying the flowing blood, thus simulating bleeding.
Described in the aforesaid published patent is a technique which permits the analysis of platelet plug-formation when a piece of collagen material is introduced into the flowing bloodstream. The collagen interacts with the flowing blood to activate platelets which result in thrombus formation on the surface of the collagen. The progress of thrombus formation is monitored by observing the blood flow in the tube, as indicated by the pressure at the distal end of the tube discharging the stream of blood. The formation of the thrombus on the collagen material eventually produces a pressure pattern which is indicative of the occlusion of the tube, thus modeling an arterial thrombogenesis occurring in a human blood vessel.
The present invention is a continuation of these efforts to measure the thrombus formation using the apparatus and techniques described in the earlier-published patent application.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of this invention to accurately model arterial thrombus formation in vitro.
It is a more specific object of this invention to permit modeling of thrombogenesis which takes into account other factors contributing to the formation of a thrombus.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide an improved method for preparing collagen material for introduction in a flowing bloodstream to measure platelet formation.
These and other objects of the invention are accomplished with apparatus and methods using the haemostasis measuring techniques developed by the present inventor. Specifically, the haemostasis measuring devices and techniques of the foregoing prior patent applications of the inventor are further modified to study other subsidiary effects contributing to thrombogenesis.
In carrying out the invention, a simulation is made of an artery which is adjacent other human tissue, such that bleeding of the artery communicates with the tissue, which in turn, increases platelet plug-formation. The blood-carrying tube of the haemostasis measuring device is further provided with a sleeve surrounding the blood-carrying tube, which is punched during a haemostasis measuring session. Bleeding occurs through the blood-carrying tube into the sleeve member, also punched with a small bleeding hole. As the blood collects between the sleeve and blood-carrying tube, a certain portion of the collected blood communicates with the interior of the blood-carrying tube, generating a thrombus, as is found in blood vessel fissure and rupture.
Using the haemostasis measuring device, it is possible to measure the growth rate and volume of the thrombus by monitoring the pressure of the blood tube downstream from the thrombus.
As a further development, a techn
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Gorog Peter
Kovacs Iren
Housel James C.
Wallenhorst Maureen M.
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