Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1989-12-26
1992-06-16
Teska, Kevin J.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
324537, 364480, 36443110, G06F 1520
Patent
active
051229684
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention is based on an apparatus for driving and controlling electrical loads, in particular glow plugs. In a known apparatus of this type, glow plugs of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle are driven sequentially with a phase displacement. However, this type of driving has the disadvantage that each time a glow plug is switched on, the current rise can substantially decay before the next plug is switched on. With short pulse lengths, it is also possible that a plug is already switched off again before the next plug is switched on. This produces high-frequency interference in the vehicle supply system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The apparatus according to the invention for driving and controlling electrical loads and the method for driving and monitoring electrical loads by means of the apparatus have, on the other hand, the advantage that negative effects on the voltage supply, when the electrical loads or glow plugs are driven, are avoided by sequentially switching the loads on and/or off at short time displacements so that a virtually continuous current rise or fall is produced. A particular advantage is that the electrical loads or glow plugs are tested for open circuit or short circuit by driving them in sequence at any desired time interval with measurement pulses of preferably 1 ms duration and determining the current flowing through the glow plugs with the aid of the measuring resistor. It is particularly advantageous that high-energy interference voltages of the voltage supply or of the vehicle supply system are reduced by driving one or more glow plugs simultaneously for a certain time.
It is particularly advantageous that the power of the individual loads or glow plugs can be controlled.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Two exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the description. In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the apparatus which includes a microprocessor having a sequential logic circuit configured as a shift register,
FIG. 1a is a schematic circuit diagram of the apparatus wherein the shift register is included within the microprocessor,
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the apparatus according to FIG. 1 having only one measuring resistor,
FIG. 2a is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 1a except that only one measuring resistor is provided and,
FIG. 3a shows a graph of the course of current for a first one of the glow plugs;
FIG. 3b shows a graph of the course of current for a second one of the glow plugs;
FIG. 3c shows a graph of the course of current for a third one of the glow plugs;
FIG. 3d shows a graph of the course of current for a fourth one of the glow plugs; and,
FIG. 3e shows the course of the voltage U.sub.R across the resistor R of FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
In principle, the apparatus is suitable for driving and controlling any electrical loads. Particularly advantageous, however, is the use for driving and controlling glow plugs in motor vehicles having an automatically controlled internal combustion engine. An exemplary embodiment with four glow plugs is explained below.
For simplicity, FIG. 1 only shows the internal resistances RK of the four glow plugs whose first end is connected to a first conductor 1 connected to ground. Their second end is connected to a semiconductor switch 3 which is connected via a shunt or resistor R, which acts as a measuring resistor, to a second conductor 5. The conductor 5 is connected to the voltage supply or the vehicle supply system, for example to terminal 15, to which a voltage of, for example, approximately 12 to 14 V is applied during operation.
In the present case n-channel enhancement MOSFETs have been selected as semiconductor switches. Other semiconductor power switches can also be used. Source S and substrate or bulk B of the FETs are connected to each other and are connected to the second end of the intern
REFERENCES:
patent: 4088109 (1978-05-01), Woodruff et al.
patent: 4500775 (1985-02-01), Sangu et al.
patent: 4519075 (1985-05-01), Kawaguchi
patent: 4639871 (1987-01-01), Sakai et al.
patent: 4716520 (1987-12-01), Locke, Jr. et al.
patent: 4862370 (1989-08-01), Arnold et al.
Abstract of Japanese patent 59-96486.
Engineer's Notebook II by F. M. Mims III, p. 28, "Serial In/Out, Parallel Out Shift Register", 1982.
Bauer Hans-Peter
Wessel Wolf
Ottesen Walter
Robert & Bosch GmbH
Teska Kevin J.
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