Imperforate bowl: centrifugal separators – Process
Patent
1998-03-11
2000-07-04
Cooley, Charles E.
Imperforate bowl: centrifugal separators
Process
494 48, 494 56, 494 76, B04B 106
Patent
active
060831472
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND
The present invention relates to a device for discontinuous separation of solid particles from a liquid by centrifugal sedimentation thereof, comprising a vessel rotatable about a vertical axis, said vessel having an inlet for the liquid which is to be separated, a separation zone with sedimentation surface elements, upper and lower collection chambers communicating with the separation zone, an outlet for liquid which has been freed of particles in the separation zone, and an outlet which can be opened and closed, for particle sediment collected on the sedimentation surface elements. Centrifugal separators are used for among other things: oils etc
One method of making separation more effective is to increase the area of the separation surface elements and reduce the liquid depth as much as possible, which can be done by various methods. The most common method is to provide the rotor rotating about a vertical axis with conical plates provided with so-called staples, i.e. spacer elements, which guarantee a predetermined relatively small spacing between the plates, thus shortening the sedimentation distance.
Such centrifugal separators are, however, expensive to manufacture, since strict safety standards are required to prevent breakdowns which can be violent due to the large amounts of energy stored in the high-speed rotors, which generate thousands of g's. Furthermore, they consume great amounts of energy during operation. A risk of turbulent flow and breaking apart of particles is present at the inlet when the liquid is to be accelerated. Also in the gaps between the surface multiplying separation plates there is a risk of turbulent flow, which decreases the quality of separation. Emptying of sediment at the high rotational speeds disturbs the separation, and emptying is often incomplete. The emptying of sediment also uses great amounts of energy and there is the risk of clogging. Finally, the sediment can be damaged during emptying.
A major purpose of the present invention is to suggest a centrifugal separation device which eliminates in any case most of the above mentioned deficiencies in known centrifugal separators and which can fulfill the following requirements of efficient separation of both process and waste flows: the continuous liquid phase at moderate speeds, i.e. g-numbers below 100 capacity must have a high accessibility C.
Thus, a separator is sought which has the ordered laminar flow of the static separator and which, in combination with a reasonable g-number, provides a greater separation capacity at a more efficient smaller installation volume.
SUMMARY
In order to achieve this, the device described by way of introduction is characterized according to the invention in that the sedimentation surface elements are formed by a plurality of adjacent tubular elements which are oriented axially and arranged to form a ring about the center axis of the rotatable vessel and which are open at both ends. By thus arranging a very large number of axially directed tubes in the separation chamber, which have a relatively small diameter and wall thickness, a very large separation area can be obtained at the same time as an essentially laminar flow is assured through the flow channels in the tubes, where the sedimentation distance to the tube wall is short, which means that the sediment will precipitate efficiently on the walls even at a relatively reasonable rpm (g-number).
U.S. Pat. No. 3,695,509 reveals as previously known a centrifugal separator device, the separation zone of which--similar to that according to the present invention--is formed by a plurality of adjacent tube elements oriented axially and in annular formation but there is here a substantial principal difference both in the separation processes and in the structures of the devices. The device according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,695,509 is a device for continuous centrifugal separation of mixtures of liquids containing a heavy and a relatively light liquid phase, for example an emulsion of oil and water or the like, and--in accordan
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Ehnstrom Lars
Lee Hyosong
Centritech HB
Cooley Charles E.
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