Electricity: measuring and testing – Measuring – testing – or sensing electricity – per se – Frequency of cyclic current or voltage
Patent
1977-06-16
1979-06-12
Strecker, Gerard R.
Electricity: measuring and testing
Measuring, testing, or sensing electricity, per se
Frequency of cyclic current or voltage
G01V 318, G01V 312
Patent
active
041581652
ABSTRACT:
The disclosure is directed to an apparatus and method for determining the water-filled porosity of formations surrounding a borehole. Alternatively, where porosity is known from other logging information, the disclosed techniques can be utilized for determining the conductivity of the water in formations surrounding a borehole or for determining water saturation. The formations are assumed to comprise a matrix, which may be any subsurface solid material, and fluids contained in the matrix, such as in pore spaces or interstices therein. In accordance with one embodiment, means are provided for deriving a first quantity which is representative of the attenuation of microwave electromagnetic energy propagating between spaced locations in the borehole, the first quantity being, for example, the attenuation constant, .alpha.. Means are also provided for deriving a second quantity representative of the relative phase shift of microwave electromagnetic energy propagating between the spaced locations, the second quantity being, for example, the phase constant, .beta.. Further means are provided for deriving a third quantity representative of the conductivity of the water in the formations surrounding the spaced locations. In the preferred form of the invention, the investigated formations are in the invaded zone surrounding the borehole and the conductivity of the water is determinable from the conductivity of the drilling mud being utilized and the nature of the mud filtrate resulting from invasion of the formations by the drilling mud. Means are also provided for generating a fourth quantity which is proportional to the product of the first and second quantities and inversely proportional to the third quantity. The generated fourth quantity is indicative of the water-filled porosity, .phi..sub.w, of the formations adjacent the region of the spaced locations in the borehole. In alternative forms of the invention, where porosity is known, the conductivity, .sigma..sub.w, or the apparent conductivity, .sigma..sub.w ', of the water in formations surrounding the borehole is determined.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3944910 (1976-03-01), Rau
patent: 3982176 (1976-09-01), Meador
patent: 4009434 (1977-02-01), McKinlay
patent: 4012689 (1977-03-01), Cox et al.
patent: 4052662 (1977-10-01), Rau
patent: 4063151 (1977-12-01), Suau et al.
patent: 4077003 (1978-02-01), Rau
Carpenter Bruce N.
Novack Martin M.
Olsen Kenneth
Schlumberger Technology Corporation
Strecker Gerard R.
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