Apparatus and method for biological analysis

Details Apparatus and method for biological analysis Apparatus and method for biological analysis

1974-07-11

1976-01-06

Monacell, A. Louis

Textiles: fiber preparation

C12K 104

Patent

active

039309576

ABSTRACT:
A continuous method and apparatus for the determination of urea in a biological fluid such as blood, for example, is disclosed. In a continuously flowing system, the biological sample is introduced into a buffered carrier solution of low electrical conductance and is caused to flow into a chamber containing an immobilized enzyme which catalyzes a specific reaction which changes the electrical properties of the solution by increasing the dissociated ion concentration therein. This increase in dissociated ion concentration is directly proportional to the original concentration of urea in the biological sample; and any one of the several conventional electrical measurements may be made to determine the increase in such concentration or the rate of increase in such concentration and thereby determine the concentration of urea in the original biological sample. The buffered carrier solution containing the products of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction is reclaimed by circulating it through a deionization, purification stage in which the solution conductivity is substantially returned to the prereaction value. The carrier solution is recirculated and used for processing additional samples. The enzyme, urease, is immobilized in a manner which allows many tests to be run without any significant loss thereof. The savings in enzyme requirements and the savings accomplished by recirculating the buffered carrier solution greatly reduces the cost of analysis.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3427225 (1969-02-01), Harvill et al.
patent: 3635681 (1972-01-01), Rogers
patent: 3838011 (1974-09-01), Hagen et al.
patent: 3839154 (1974-10-01), Messing

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