Antiperspirant compositions

Details Antiperspirant compositions Antiperspirant compositions

2001-08-02

2002-06-25

Dodson, Shelley A. (Department: 1616)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Anti-perspirants or perspiration deodorants

C424S066000, C424S068000, C424S400000, C424S401000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06410003

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to antiperspirant compositions for application to human skin, especially the axilla.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND SUMMARY OF PRIOR ART
A wide variety of cosmetic compositions for application to human skin make use of a thickened or structured liquid carrier to deliver colour or some other active material to the surface of the skin. A significant example of such cosmetic compositions are antiperspirant compositions which are widely used in order to enable their users to avoid or minimise wet patches on their skin, especially in axillary regions.
Antiperspirant formulations have been provided with a range of different product forms. One of these is a so-called “stick” which is usually a bar of an apparently firm solid material held within a dispensing container and which retains its structural integrity and shape whilst being applied. When a portion of the stick is drawn across the skin surface a film of the stick composition is transferred to the skin surface. Although the stick has the appearance of a solid article capable of retaining its own shape for a period of time, the material usually has a structured liquid phase so that a film of the composition is readily transferred from the stick to another surface upon contact.
Another possibility is that a stick is a softer solid composition accommodated in a dispensing container which in use extrudes the composition through one or more apertures.
Antiperspirant sticks can be divided into three categories. Suspension sticks contain a particulate antiperspirant active material suspended in a structured carrier liquid phase which generally is water-immiscible and may be anhydrous. Emulsion sticks normally have a hydrophilic phase containing the antiperspirant active in solution, this phase forming an emulsion with a second, more hydrophobic, liquid phase. The continuous phase of the emulsion is structured. Solution sticks typically have the antiperspirant active dissolved in a structured liquid phase which is polar and may be a mixture of water and a water-miscible organic solvent, or may be polar organic solvent without water. This classification into suspension, emulsion and solution types can be applied to both firm and soft solid compositions.
There is substantial literature on the structuring or thickening of antiperspirant compositions.
Conventionally, many sticks have been structured using naturally-occurring or synthetic waxy materials. In this way, it is possible to obtain either a soft solid or a firm solid. Examples of wax-structured sticks are described in an article in Cosmetics and Toiletries, 1990, Vol 105, P75-78 and in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,169,626 and 4,725,432.
More specifically it has been common practice for sticks to be structured by incorporating fatty alcohol into the composition, often accompanied by a smaller amount of castor wax. Sticks which are structured with fatty alcohol tend to leave visible white deposits on application to human skin; moreover the deposits can also transfer onto clothing when it comes into contact with the skin and the wearer can, for example, find white marks at the armhole of the sleeveless garment. Fatty alcohols are often regarded as coming within the general category of waxy materials, but we have observed that they are a more significant source of white deposits than other waxy materials.
Some alternative structurants have been proposed. The term “gellant” is often employed instead of “structurant”. Where the resulting product is liquid of increased viscosity rather than a solid or gel, the term “thickener” can also be used. For example, the use of dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS) or derivatives thereof as gellant has been proposed in a number of publications such as EP-A-512770, WO 92/19222, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,954,333, 4,822,602 and 4,725,430. Formulations containing such gellants can suffer from a number of disadvantages, including instability in the presence of acidic antiperspirants, and comparatively high processing temperatures needed in the production of sticks.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,750,096 is one of several documents which teaches that gelation can be brought about using esters or amides of 12-hydroxystearic acid. The alcohol used to form such an ester or the amine used to form such an amide may contain an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic group with up to 22 carbons therein. If the group is aliphatic it preferably contains at least three carbon atoms. A cycloaliphatic group preferably contains at least five carbon atoms and may be a fixed ring system such as adamantyl.
N-acyl amino acid amides and esters are also known to structure liquids. We have established that they do so by forming fibrous networks. They are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,969,087. N-Lauroyl-L-glutamic acid di-n-butylamide is commercially available from Ajinomoto under their designation GP-1.
Further materials which have been disclosed as gelling agents are the amide derivatives of di and tribasic carboxylic acids set forth in WO 98/27954 notably alkyl N,N′-dialkyl succinamides.
It is known from Hanabusa et al “Prominent Gelation and Chiral Aggregation of Alkylamides Derived from Trans 1,2 Diaminocyclohexane” published in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1996 35, page 1949 that alkylamides derived from trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane are capable of causing the gelation of a number of organic liquids. The authors reported that the corresponding cis-compound did not bring about gelation of any of the liquids tested. Moreover, use of an optically active form of the trans-compound was necessary because the racemic form was found to give only an unstable gel.
Japanese published patent application JP-A-10-237034 (Polar Kasei Kogyo KK, inventors Hanabusa et al) discloses cosmetic compositions containing an organic oil gelled with such derivatives of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane.
WO 91/04009 (Gillette) discloses antiperspirant compositions containing dioctyl cyclohexane, but that material is a liquid present to prevent phase separation of the masking agent and does not function as a gellant.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
We have now found that selected 1,2- and 1,3-substituted cyclohexane derivatives can be used as structurants for antiperspirant compositions. When used as a modest percentage of the composition, typically not more than 15% by weight and often less than 10% by weight, they are able to structure the composition, yet at the same time the composition gives a deposit with a low visible residue.
It is an object of the present invention to provide structured antiperspirant compositions, in which a liquid carrier material is thickened or structured using a structuring agent which is different from those mentioned above. A further object of the invention is to provide a structurant which can have superior properties to at least some of the structurants which have been used previously.
A yet further object of some embodiments of the invention is to provide compositions which exhibit low visible deposits.
Broadly, a first aspect of the present invention provides an antiperspirant composition comprising:
(i) a continuous phase which comprises water-immiscible liquid carrier,
(ii) a structurant therein which is at least one amido-containing compound of the general formula
wherein R and R
1
each independently denote a branched or unbranched moiety containing 5 to 27 carbon atoms, m and n are each independently, zero or 1, Y is a cyclohexane ring bearing the amido-containing substituent groups
in 1,2 or 1,3 positions; and
(iii) an antiperspirant active material.
Each aliphatic group R or R
1
may be an unsubstituted alkyl or an alkenyl group, or it may bear functional substituents which incorporate hetero atoms such as oxygen or nitrogen, or it may include hetero atoms in a linkage in the chain. If hetero atoms are present they may, desirably, be included in groups able to participate in hydrogen bonding.
R and R
1
may, independently of each other, contain 11 to 17 carbon atoms. They may be mixed groups such as an aliphatic chain with an aromatic group or cycloalkyl gr

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