Antiperspirant and deodorant products and methods for their use

Details Antiperspirant and deodorant products and methods for their use Antiperspirant and deodorant products and methods for their use

2001-08-02

2003-10-14

Tate, Christopher R. (Department: 1651)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Anti-perspirants or perspiration deodorants

C424S068000, C424S401000, C424S746000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06632422

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to antiperspirant and deodorant products and to cosmetic methods of reducing perspiration and unpleasant body odours.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Cosmetic antiperspirant and deodorant compositions are known. Typical antiperspirant compositions comprise topically acceptable compositions containing a metal salt, such as an astringent aluminium or aluminium/zirconium salt, in combination with a cosmetically suitable vehicle. Typical deodorant compositions comprise topically acceptable compositions containing one or more agents that mask or inhibit the formation of unpleasant body odours; antimicrobial agents are widely used for this purpose. Such cosmetic antiperspirant and deodorant products may be available in a variety of product forms, for example as sticks, roll-on lotions, aerosols and pump spray formulations.
Whilst such compositions provide a degree of malodour reduction, there are problems associated with their use. For example, some people find that such compositions are insufficiently effective. Others find that the application of astringent antiperspirant salts or certain anti-microbial agents leads to skin irritation. Other problems include formulation difficulties with the high levels of active ingredients sometimes required. It has long been desirable to achieve excellent protection from body malodour without the use of high concentrations of conventional antiperspirant or deodorant agents. This could lead to antiperspirant and deodorant products being cheaper, easier to formulate (by virtue of the reduced amount of antiperspirant active used), or generally having improved sensory properties. Other benefits of requiring lesser amounts of conventional antiperspirant or deodorant agents include the reduced concentration on the body of such ‘foreign’ agents and the reduced impact on the environment, in terms of chemical usage and processing.
The use of numerous “non-conventional” antiperspirant or deodorant agents are described in the prior art. For example, the use of anticholinergic materials is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,312,709 (MacMillan, 1967); U.S. Pat. No. 4,022,787 (Soldati et al, 1977); and a series of patents by Felger et al (U.S. Pat. No. 4,517,176, 1985; U.S. Pat. No. 4,546,096, 1988; U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,494, 1988). Such materials are claimed to reduce perspiration at source, that is to say at the secretory coil of the sweat glands.
The present invention is concerned with materials that can be termed “calcium channel blocking agents” (“CCBA”s, vide infra). One such material, methoxy-verapamil, has been shown, in vitro, to reduce sweat production from isolated cannulated monkey palm eccrine sweat glands (Sato and Sato,
Am. J. Physiol.,
1981, 241, C113-C120). Other CCBAs have been demonstrated to be physiologically active in various types of tissue; for example, tetrandrine, an alkaloid isolated from the root of Stephania tetrandra, has been shown to be capable of inhibiting calcium influx into the aortic smooth muscle cells of rats (Wu et al,
Eur. J. Pharmacol.,
1997, 327, 233-238) and
Panax ginseng
root extract has been shown to inhibit calcium channels in rat sensory neurons (Nah and McCleskey,
J. Ethnopharmacol.,
1994, 42, 45-51). In another application, all CCBAs, together with substances that reduce the binding of calcium to intracellular proteins, are claimed to relax and/or loosen cutaneous and/or subcutaneous tissue (EP 1,053,745, 2000).
Plant extracts that may comprise CCBAs are described as components in various cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparations. For example, Chinese patent application CN 1117868A claims a Chinese medicine with ginseng that cures night sweating; CN 1135346A claims medicinal compositions with ginseng that induce sweating and JP 62221619A claims that
Panax ginseng promotes perspiration; CN
1107061A claims that
Stephania tetrandra
deodorises and stops sweating and Russian patent RU 2045263 claims body antiperspirants comprising ginseng extract.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided use of a calcium channel blocking agent (CCBA) in a cosmetic product, or in the preparation of a cosmetic product, intended for the reduction of perspiration and/or body malodour, characterised in that said CCBA is of molecular weight less than 750.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cosmetic method of reducing underarm perspiration, said method comprising topical application to the underarm area of a cosmetic product comprising a CCBA of molecular weight less than 750.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cosmetic product comprising a CCBA of molecular weight less than 750 and an anti-microbial agent, characterised in that said anti-microbial agent has an MIC of 1 mg.ml
−1
or less.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cosmetic product comprising a CCBA, characterised in that said product comprises an additional agent that enhances the perceived antiperspirancy benefit.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cosmetic method of obtaining an antiperspirancy benefit, comprising the topical application of a cosmetic product according to the aforementioned fourth aspect of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method of reducing sweat production described herein represents a major step forward in the cosmetic treatment of sweating and body malodour. We have discovered that it is possible to reduce, or even prevent, sweat production from human sweat glands by topical administration of cosmetic products according to the invention. The invention is of greatest benefit when used in the treatment of the more sweaty areas of the body, in particular the underarm areas and, in some embodiments, the feet.
It is believed that the CCBA serves to reduce sweat production at source, that it to say, the CCBA reduces secretion of primary sweat from the secretory coil cells of the sweat glands. Sweat production is triggered by either cholinergic or adrenergic stimulation of the cells of the secretory coil. In response to this stimulation, there is an increase in the intracellular calcium concentration, which in turn initiates a cascade of events resulting in the production of primary sweat. The required elevated level of calcium within the cells of the secretory coil is sustained by an influx of calcium into the cells via calcium channels in the basolateral and/or apical cell membrane. By blocking these calcium channels production of sweat can be reduced or even prevented.
The eccrine sweat glands are the preferred target for the prevention of sweating, these being involved in the body's thermoregulatory responses as well as emotional responses. Prevention of sweat production from the apocrine secretory coil cells offers benefits when sweat stimulation is brought about by pain or an emotive trigger, for example nervousness. For optimum protection from sweat production, whatever the cause, it is preferred that the CCBA acts upon both the eccrine and apocrine secretory coil cells.
This new method of sweat reduction can be used to augment or replace methods involving the use of pore-blocking antiperpirant actives. When used to augment the use of such actives, the cosmetic product used comprises a CCBA and a pore-blocking antiperpirant active. Such pore-blocking antiperspirant actives include astringent metal salts of the type described hereinafter. Typically, the CCBA employed in such products has a molecular weight less than 750.
The present invention involves topical application of the CCBA, which must penetrate through the skin and reach the secretory coil cells of the sweat glands in sufficient concentration to be effective. Transport of the CCBA from the skin surface to the secretory coil cells may be enhanced in a number of ways.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the transport of the CCBA is enhanced by iontophoresis. Iontophoresis is a method of aiding the passage of polar

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