Antimicrobially active polypeptides

Details Antimicrobially active polypeptides Antimicrobially active polypeptides

1999-08-24

2001-10-30

Carlson, Karen Cochrane (Department: 1653)

Chemistry: natural resins or derivatives; peptides or proteins;

Peptides of 3 to 100 amino acid residues

C530S300000, C530S324000, C530S325000, C530S350000, C530S326000, C514S002600, C514S012200, C525S054100, C536S023200

Reexamination Certificate

active

06310176

ABSTRACT:

The present invention relates to new polypeptides for therapeutic use and their functional derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The new polypeptides have each per se or in combination of one or more of the peptides anti-bacterial or fungal use.
Skin secretions of frogs contain many different types of antibacterial peptides (Barra, D. & Simmaco, M. (1995) Amphibian skin: a promising resource for antimicrobial peptides, Trends Biotechnol. 13, 205-209 for a recent review). In particular, a variety of such peptides has been isolated from several Rana species. They all contain two cysteine residues close to the COOH-terminus which form an intramolecular disulfide bridge. Four different groups of these peptides can be discerned. One is the brevinin 1 family, which includes brevinin 1 from
Rana brevipoda porsa
(Morikawa, N., Hagiwara, K. & Nakajima, T. (1992) Brevinin-1 and Brevinin-2, unique antimicrobial peptides from the skin of the frog,
Rana brevipoda porsa
, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 189, 184-190), brevinin 1E from
Rana esculenta
(Simmaco, M., Mignogna, G., Barra, D. & Bossa, F. (1994) Antimicrobial peptides from skin secretion of
Rana esculenta
. Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding esculentin and isolation of new active peptides, J. Biol. Chem. 269, 11956-11961), ranalexin from
Rana catesbeiana
(Clark, D. P., Durell, S., Maloy, W. L. & Zasloff, M. (1994) Ranalexin, a novel antimicrobial peptide from bullfrog (
Rana catesbeiana
) skin, structurally related to the bacterial antibiotic, polymixin, J. Biol. Chem. 269, 10849-10855) and gaegurin 5 and 6 from
Rana rugosa
(Park, J. M., Jung, J.-E. & Lee, B. J. (1994) Antimicrobial peptides from the skin of a korean frog,
Rana rugosa
, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 205, 948-954). These peptides are composed of 20-24 amino acid residues. In addition to their antibacterial action, brevinin. 1E and ranalexin also have high hemolytic activity. A second group are the brevinin 2 peptides, which contain 29-34 amino acids. Besides brevinin 2 from
R. brevipoda porsa
(Morikawa, N., Hagiwara, K. & Nakajima, T. (1992) Brevinin-1 and Brevinin-2, unique antimicrobial peptides from the skin of the frog,
Rana brevipoda porsa
, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 189, 184-190), several peptides from
R. esculenta
(Simmaco, M., Mignogna, G., Barra, D. & Bossa, F. (1994) Antimicrobial peptides from skin secretion of
Rana esculenta
. Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding esculentin and isolation of new active peptides, J. Biol. Chem. 269, 11956-11961), the gaegurins 1-3 (Park, J. M., Jung, J.-E. & Lee, B. J. (1994) Antimicrobial peptides from the skin of a korean frog,
Rana rugosa
, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 205, 948-954) and rugosins A and B from
R. rugosa
(Suzuki, S., Ohe, Y., Okubo, T., Kakegawa, T. & Tatemoto, K. (1995) Isolation and characterization of novel antimicrobial peptides, rugosin A, B and C, from the skin of the frog,
Rana rugosa
, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 212, 249-254) belong to this family. A third group are the 37 residue peptides esculentin 2 from
R. esculenta
(Simmaco, M., Mignogna, G., Barra, D. & Bossa, F. (1994) Antimicrobial peptides from skin secretion of Rana esculenta. Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding esculentin and isolation of new active peptides, J. Biol. Chem. 269, 11956-11961) and gaegurin 4 (Park, J. M., Jung, J.-E. & Lee, B. J. (1994) Antimicrobial peptides from the skin of a korean frog,
Rana rugosa
, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 205, 948-954) and rugosin C from
R. rugosa
(Suzuki, S., Ohe, Y., Okubo, T., Kakegawa, T. & Tatemoto, K. (1995) Isolation and characterization or novel antimicrobial peptides, rugosin A, B and C, from the skin of the frog,
Rana rugosa
, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 212, 249-254). Lastly, esculentin 1 from skin secretion of
R. esculenta
(Simmaco, M., Mignogna, G., Barra, D. & Bossa, F. (1994) Antimicrobial peptides from skin secretion of
Rana esculenta
. Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding esculentin and isolation of new active peptides, J. Biol. Chem. 269, 11956-11961), a 46 amino acid peptide that has the highest antibacterial activity of all the Rana peptides characterized so far. In addition, it is also active against
Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The present invention has for an object to provide relatively small polypeptides of antimicrobial activity.
Another object of the invention is to provide such new polypeptides having antibacterial or fungal use.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more such polypeptides contained in a pharmaceutically acceptable matrix.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a method for inhibiting microbial growth in animals, such as mammals including man.
For these and other objects which will be clear from the following disclosure the invention provides for the following new peptides [SEQ ID NOS: 1-11]:
F L P L I G R V L S G I L - amide
L L P I V G N L L K S L L amide
L L P I L G N L L N G L L - amide
L L P I V G N L L N S L L - amide
V L P I I G N L L N S L L - amide
F L P L I G K V L S G I L - amide
F F P V I G R I L N G I L - amide
L S P N L L K S L L - amide
L L P N L L K S L L - amide
F V Q W F S K F L G R I L - amide
G L L S G L K K V G K H V A K N V A V S L M D S L K C K I S G D C
Particularly preferred polypeptides [SEQ ID NOS: 1, 2, 6, 7, and 10] are the following:
F L P L I G R V L S G I L - amide
L L P I V G N L L K S L L - amide
F L P L I G K V L S G I L - amide
F F P V I G R I L N G I L - amide
F V Q W F S K F L G R I L - amide
Within the scone of the invention there are also included functional derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the polypeptides mentioned above.
The polypeptides according to the present invention can be used each per se or can be used in combinations of two or more polypeptides.
The polypeptides are therapeutically useful, such as for antimicrobial use, including antibacterial or fungal use.
The invention also provides for the use of one or more of the polypeptides disclosed above for the manufacture of a medicament having antimicrobial activity.
Furthermore, the invention provides for a pharmaceutical composition containing as an active ingredient one or more polypeptides as described above in an effective amount together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. Said carrier or diluent is suitably adapted for oral, intraveneous, intramuscular or subcutaneous administration.
According to the invention there is also provided a cDNA clone having the sequence selected from the sequences shown as clone Rt-5, Rt-6 and Rt-17 as disclosed in the following.
Finally, the invention provides for a method for inhibiting microbial growth in animals, such as mammals including man, comprising the step of administering to an animal subject to a disorder caused by antimicrobial attack one or more polypeptides as described above or a composition thereof, an inhibitory amount being administered.
Such method can be directed to intestinal use constituted by oral administration of a composition as defined above in a slow release form. The method can also be directed to administration by injection of such a composition in an injectable dose form.
With regard to the expression “functional derivatives thereof” it is well known in regard to the technical area to which the present invention pertains that minor amino acid substitutions can be made to the polypeptide which do not affect or do not substantially affect the function of the polypeptide. Determination of conceivable substitutions is accomplished according to procedures well known to those skilled in the art. Thus, all polypeptides having substantially the same amino acid sequence, substantially the same helical structure and substantially the same biological activity, such as antimicrobial and lytic activity, are within the scope of this invention.
Also within the scope of the present invention are pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the polypeptides of this invention. Such sa

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