Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-12-15
2002-08-20
Hardee, John (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S500000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06436885
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to antimicrobial cleansing compositions comprising an antimicrobial agent, an amphoteric surfactant, and 2-pyrrolidone-5 carboxylic acid, wherein the composition provides immediate and residual antimicrobial activity on the applied areas of the skin. The present invention also relates to corresponding articles of manufacture and methods of cleansing the skin using the compositions of the present invention.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Human health is impacted by many microbial entities. Inoculation by viruses and bacteria cause a wide variety of sicknesses and ailments. Media attention to cases of food poisoning, strep infections, and the like is increasing public awareness of microbial issues.
It is well known that the washing of hard surfaces, food (e.g. fruit or vegetables) and skin, especially the hands, with antimicrobial or non-medicated soap, can remove many viruses and bacteria from the washed surfaces. Removal of the viruses and bacteria is due to the surfactancy of the soap and the mechanical action of the wash procedure. Therefore, it is known and recommended that the people wash frequently to reduce the spread of viruses and bacteria.
Bacteria found on the skin can be divided into two groups: resident and transient bacteria. Resident bacteria are Gram positive bacteria which are established as permanent microcolonies on the surface and outermost layers of the skin and play an important, helpful role in preventing the colonization of other, more harmful bacteria and fungi.
Transient bacteria are bacteria which are not part of the normal resident flora of the skin, but can be deposited when airborne contaminated material lands on the skin or when contaminated material is brought into physical contact with it. Transient bacteria are typically divided into two subclasses: Gram positive and Gram negative. Gram positive bacteria include pathogens such as
Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes
and
Clostridiutn botulinum
. Gram negative bacteria include pathogens such as Salmonella,
Escherichia coli
, Klebsiella, Haemophilius,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
, Proteus and
Shigella dysenteriae
. Gram negative bacteria are generally distinguished from Gram positive by an additional protective cell membrane which generally results in the Gram negative bacteria being less susceptible to topical antibacterial actives.
Antimicrobial cleansing products have been marketed in a variety of forms for some time. Forms include deodorant soaps, hard surface cleaners, and surgical disinfectants. These traditional rinse-off antimicrobial products have been formulated to provide bacteria reduction during washing. For example, Dial® liquid soaps, when used in hand washing, have been found to reduce the amount of the bacteria on the skin by from about 2.0 log (97%) to about 2.5 log (99.7%) in one 30 second handwash, as measured by standard Health Care Personal Handwash Tests (HCPHWT). That is skin washed with these soaps were contaminated with only 0.3%-3% |of the number of bacteria compared to before washing. Antimicrobial liquid cleansers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,847,072, Bissett et al., issued Jul. 11, 1989, U.S. Pat. No. 4,939,284, Degenhardt, issued Jul. 3, 1990 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,820,698, Degenhardt, issued Apr. 11, 1989, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Some of these antimicrobial products, especially the hard surface cleaners and surgical disinfectants, utilize high levels of alcohol and/or harsh surfactants which have been shown to dry out and irritate skin tissues. Dial® bar soap has been found to provide from 2.5 to 3.0 log reduction in bacteria in one wash, as measured by the HCPHWT. However, Dial® can be drying to the skin with repeated use. Hibiclens® Surgical Scrub provides 2.5 to 3.0 log reduction in germs in one wash, however it utilizes a potent cationic antibacterial agent, chlorohexidine, which has product safety concerns. Ideal personal cleansers should gently cleanse the skin, cause little or no irritation, and not leave the skin overly dry after frequent use and preferably should provide a moisturizing benefit to the skin.
Given the health impacts of bacteria like
Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes
and
Clostridium botulinum
, it would be highly desirable to formulate antimicrobial cleansing products which provides improve germ reduction on the skin, which are mild to the skin and which can be used without water. Existing products have been unable to deliver all of these benefits.
It has now been found that the antimicrobial cleansing compositions of the present invention can be formulated to provide improved mildness to the skin and improved antibacterial, antiviral, and/or antifungal activity, wherein the compositions comprise an antibacterial active, 2-pyrrolidone-5 carboxylic acid, and an amphoteric surfactant, all of which are deposited on the skin. The 2-pyrrolidone-5 carboxylic acid and amphoteric surfactant enhance the selected active, to provide a new level of hostility to bacteria contacting the skin.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to antimicrobial cleansing compositions, wherein the compositions comprise from about 0.001% to about 5.0% by weight of an antimicrobial active; from about 0.05% to about 10% by weight of an amphoteric surfactant; from about 0.1% to about 10%, by weight of 2-pyrrolidone-5 carboxylic acid; and from about 3% to about 99.89% by weight an aqueous component. The cleansing compositions of the present invention have a pH in the range of about 2.0 to about 5.5. The present invention also relates to articles of manufacture and methods of cleansing the skin comprising the disclosed compositions.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The antimicrobial cleansing compositions of the present invention are highly efficacious for providing an improved germ reduction on the skin, are mild to the skin and can be used without additional available water.
The term “safe and effective amount” as used herein means an amount of a compound or composition sufficient to significantly induce a positive benefit, preferably an antimicrobial benefit, but low enough to avoid serious side effects, i.e., to provide a reasonable benefit to risk ratio, within the scope of sound judgment of the skilled artisan.
All percentages and ratios used herein, unless otherwise indicated, are by weight and all measurements made are at 25° C., unless otherwise designated. The invention hereof can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of, the essential as well as optional ingredients and components described therein.
The antimicrobial cleansing composition of the present invention comprise the following essential components, which components are selected so that the efficacy and optional mildness requirements hereinafter defined for the compositions herein are preferably met. The selection of each component is necessarily dependent on the selection of each of the other components. If a harsh surfactant is utilized, then a mildness agent may have to be utilized. Guidelines for the selection of the individual components are provided herein.
The Antimicrobial Active
The antimicrobial cleansing composition of the present invention comprise an antimicrobial active at concentrations ranging from about 0.001% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 1%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 0.5%, even more preferably from about 0.1% to about 0.25%, by weight of composition. The exact amount of antibacterial active to be used in the compositions will depend upon factors such as the particular active utilized since actives vary in potency.
Given below are examples of non-cationic antimicrobial agents which are useful in the compositions of the present invention.
Pyrithiones, especially the zinc complex (ZPT)
Benzalkonium Chloride
Di(C
6
-C
14
)alkyl di short chain (C
1-4
alkyl and/or hydroxyalkyl)
N-(3-chloroallyl) hexaminium chlorides
Benzethonium chloride
Methylbenzethonium
Octopirox®
Dimethyldimethylol Hydantoin (Glydant®)
Methylchloroisothiazolinone/met
Beerse Peter William
Biedermann Kimberly Ann
Irwin Christopher
Morgan Jeffrey Michael
Putman Christopher Dean
Dressman Marianne
Hardee John
Miller Steven W.
Rosnell Tara M.
The Procter & Gamble & Company
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