Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Inorganic active ingredient containing – Elemental iodine or iodine compound
Reexamination Certificate
1999-03-26
2002-08-20
Russel, Jeffrey E. (Department: 1653)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Inorganic active ingredient containing
Elemental iodine or iodine compound
C422S037000, C424S669000, C424S723000, C426S532000, C510S131000, C510S161000, C510S372000, C510S373000, C510S376000, C510S384000, C510S385000, C510S391000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06436445
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to antimicrobial and antiviral compositions containing an oxidizing species. The materials are made by reacting cooperating ingredients at controlled proportions to form an oxidant that can have a variety of end uses. The oxidizing species of the invention is an in situ generated oxidant stable for limited periods, typically less than a few days.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Peroxygen sanitizers and halogen sanitizers are known. Peroxygen sanitizers include compounds such as hydrogen peroxide, percarboxylic acids, percarbonates, perborates, etc. These materials are relatively well characterized and understood and are commonly used in a variety of end uses. Halogen sanitizers include compounds such as hypochlorite (HOCl), chlorine dioxide (ClO
2
), perchlorate (HClO
4
), perbromate (HBrO
4
), and others. These materials also have relatively well characterized compositions and properties. Halide and quaternary ammonium base sanitizers are also known. These materials are generally not considered oxidizing materials but provide sanitizing properties to materials. One type of halogen based sanitizers are sanitizers that can contain species such as I
3
−1
, IBrCl
−1
, and other similar species. Representative examples of such materials include Rembaum et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,898,336; Rembaum et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,778,476; Hollis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,960,590; Hollis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,093,078 and Dammann, European patent application No. 156646. These references describe isolated polymeric quaternary ammonium polyhalides based on synthetic polymeric ionene (known in the industry as polymeric quats), epi-amine, and cationic acrylamide polymer resins (containing 2 or more cationic groups) precipitated with polyhalogens. Similarly, Corby, U.S. Pat. No. 4,822,513; Corby, U.S. Pat. No. 5,047,164; and Corby, U.S. Pat. No. 5,202,047 describe mixed interhalogen salts limited to 4 halogens with a maximum of one iodine or bromine atom per complex. Also, Kramer et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,941,989; and Kramer et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,620,527 describe the use of antimicrobial compositions made of alkaline per-salts of quaternary ammonium compounds and hydroperoxide (i.e., HOO
−
) anions at pH's of greater than 9.5. No polyhalide counterions are utilized. Asensio, EP 0 799 570 A1 discloses a five component antimicrobial mix containing two quaternary tri-iodides (prepared via conventional molecular halogen addition, not by in-situ reaction). LaZonby, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,658,467 describes the use of peracetic acid in combination with a non-oxidizing biocide for industrial process waters. Lastly, Wright et al., PCT Application No. WO 94/00548 describes non-halogen containing quaternary ammonium compounds which are used with peracids, preferably peracetic acid. This disclosure indicates that the peracid material is activated by the presence of the quaternary ammonium compound.
None of the aforementioned references teach the use of in-situ, labile antimicrobial compositions generated via halide salts and oxidants; especially peroxygen oxidants. A11 of these examples deal with stable, isolated antimicrobials that would remain in the application environment (e.g., food surface) indefinitely. Lastly, Wright et al., PCT Application No. WO 94/00548 describes non-halogen containing quaternary ammonium compounds which are used with peracids, preferably peracetic acid. This disclosure indicates that the peracid material is activated by the presence of the quat.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
We have discovered a synergistic effect resulting from the combination of a source of quaternary or protonizable nitrogen, an oxidant, preferably a peroxygen compound, and a halide source, for example, an elemental halogen(s), or metal or ammonium halide salt(s), preferably including an iodide salt. More specifically, we have found that a synergistic oxidizing species is created from this combination. Since reaction is almost immediate, an in-situ aqueous or non-aqueous use solution can be available for use immediately after mixing as an antimicrobial or antiviral composition; or the active composition can be stabilized and post-incorporated into a non-aqueous liquid, gel, aerosol, powder, or solid formulation.
It is also possible to produce solid sanitizing substrates containing this oxidizing species that have residual antimicrobial and antiviral effectiveness; such as in air filters or as packaging or plastic or as cutting board additives.
Accordingly, the invention resides in a complex for antimicrobial or antiviral use, the complex being the product of an in-situ reaction of a source of a quaternary or protonizable nitrogen compound, an oxidant, and a halide source. The invention also resides in the use of said complex to reduce microbial or viral populations on a surface or object or in a body or stream of water. Thus, this in-situ species is effective in reducing microbial and viral populations on hard surfaces (such as glass, ceramics, metal, natural and synthetic rock, wood, and polymeric), elastomers and plastics, woven and non-woven substrates. More specifically, the compositions containing the complex are shown to be effective antimicrobial and antiviral agents for sanitizing and disinfecting surfaces and air streams typically encountered in hospital, surgical, infirmity, birthing, mortuary, and clinical diagnosis rooms. These surfaces can be those typified as “hard surfaces” (such as walls, floors, bed-pans, etc.), or woven and non-woven surfaces (such as surgical garments, draperies, bed linens, bandages, etc.), or patient-care equipment (such as respirators, diagnostic equipment, shunts, body scopes, etc.), or a plethora of surgical and diagnostic equipment.
The complex can also be used to reduce odors and microbial or viral populations in gaseous streams, bleaching of or reducing microbial or viral populations on woven or non-woven substrates, and treating skin diseases of, or on, mammals; i.e., in treating skin diseases on animals (especially mammals), or those which spread via transfer to air or surface substrates, such as disease from fungi, bacteria and viruses. The complex can also be used to reduce microbes and odors in animal feeds, in animal watering stations and enclosures, in animal veterinarian clinics, animal surgical areas, and to reduce animal or human pathogenic (or opportunistic) microbes and viruses on animals. The complex can also be used to reduce opportunistic pathogenic microbes on living eggs.
Additionally, the compositions containing the complex are effective by themselves, or mixed with other adjuvants, in reducing microbial and viral populations in applications in the food industry. These include food preparation equipment, belt sprays for food transport lines, boot and hand-wash dip-pans, food storage facilities and anti-spoilage air circulation systems, aseptic packaging sanitizing, food refrigeration and cooler cleaners and sanitizers, warewashing sanitizing, blancher cleaning and sanitizing, food packaging materials, cutting board additives, third-sink sanitizing, beverage chillers and warmers, meat chilling or scalding waters, sanitizing gels, food processing antimicrobial garment sprays, and non-to-low-aqueous food preparation lubricants, oils, and rinse additives.
The invention also resides in a concentrated antimicrobial and antiviral species including in composition the product of an in-situ reaction of a source of quaternary or protonizable nitrogen, an oxidant, preferably a peroxygen compound, and a halide source. The reaction may be conducted in an aqueous, non-aqueous, gel, aerosol, or solid-phase or powdered media, and for each part by weight of the halide source there is about 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of the nitrogen compound, about 0.1 to 40 parts by weight of the oxidant compound. In an aqueous solution, the composition has a pH of less than about 9.5.
The invention further resides in an aqueous, in-situ, antimicrobial and antiviral composition containing the combination of: (a) a source of quate
Hei Robert D. P.
Kennedy Shaun P.
Laugen Polly D.
Smith Kim R.
Ecolab Inc.
Merchant & Gould P.C.
Russel Jeffrey E.
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