Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing – Involving an insoluble carrier for immobilizing immunochemicals – Carrier is inorganic
Patent
1990-04-20
1993-01-12
Housel, James C.
Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
Involving an insoluble carrier for immobilizing immunochemicals
Carrier is inorganic
436501, 436806, 436908, 422 681, 422 69, 422 8201, 310312, 310323, 310341, 310370, 73DIG4, G01N 33551, G01N 3096, H01L 4104, H01L 4108
Patent
active
051790289
ABSTRACT:
A sensor for detecting the presence of a particular chemical by determining the absolute frequency shift in the oscillating frequency of an antibody-coated oscillator. Specific antibodies deposited on a high Q crystal oscillator detect the change in frequency as chemical particulates become trapped by the antibodies and change the effective mass of the crystal. In one embodiment, two oscillating crystals are used, one that has been coated with the antibodies, and one that is uncoated. This permits detection of frequency differences between the oscillating frequencies of the two crystals, thus eliminating pressure, temperature, and humidity corrections that conventionally must be made. The sensor maintains a high specificity by using antibodies that are specifically related to the chemical to be detected, while achieving relatively good sensitivity by using high Q oscillators, such as quartz or sapphire, and eliminating drift problems due to temperature, pressure, and humidity. In a second embodiment, a single crystal is used having antibodies coated at specific nodal locations associated with harmonics of the fundamental frequency of oscillation of the crystal. Harmonic amplitudes are measured to determine the presence of the chemical of interest.
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"Immobilization Methods for Piezoelectric Biosensors," Bio/Technology, vol. 7, Apr. 1989, pp. 349-351.
Bates Kenn S.
Chang David B.
Pierce Brian M.
Vali Victor
Denson-Low Wanda K.
Housel James C.
Hughes Aircraft Company
Ludlow Jan M.
Sales Michael W.
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