Optical waveguides – With optical coupler – Input/output coupler
Patent
1996-03-04
1997-02-11
Ullah, Akm E.
Optical waveguides
With optical coupler
Input/output coupler
359622, G02B 626
Patent
active
056029470
ABSTRACT:
An interface between a surface of a micro optical component, and a second medium of different refractive index can be made substantially non-reflective, thereby eliminating Fresnel reflection losses for a predetermined wavelength at its surfaces, by including micro voids within the component surface. The volume fraction of voids required to eliminate the Fresnel reflection losses, v.sub.1, is: v.sub.1 =[n.sub.2 -(n.sub.m n.sub.2).sup.1/2 ]/[n.sub.2 -n.sub.1 ], where n.sub.1 is the refractive index of the void, n.sub.m is the refractive index of the medium surrounding the fiber tip, n.sub.2 is the refractive index of the optical component material, and v.sub.2 is its volume fraction in the modified surface section. The thickness, t, of the layer of lower refractive index material required at the component surface is 2N t cos .theta.=.lambda..sub.o /2, where .lambda..sub.o is the predetermined wavelength for total cancellation by interference, .theta. is the angle of incidence, and N=(n.sub.m n.sub.2).sup.1/2, where n.sub.2, is the refractive index of the component material and n.sub.m is the refractive index of the medium in contact with the component surface. At least one dimension of the micro void in the surface plane interfacing the second medium must be not greater than half the predetermined wavelength.
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Ceram Optee Industries, Inc.
Skutnik Bolesh J.
Ullah Akm E.
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