Anti-flammatory carbohydrate binding-peptides

Details Anti-flammatory carbohydrate binding-peptides Anti-flammatory carbohydrate binding-peptides

1998-09-09

2001-06-12

Minnifield, Nita (Department: 1645)

Chemistry: natural resins or derivatives; peptides or proteins;

Peptides of 3 to 100 amino acid residues

C530S350000, C530S324000, C530S326000, C530S327000, C530S329000, C530S868000, C424S184100, C424S185100, C424S240100, C424S282100, C424S275100, C424S190100, C514S002600, C514S885000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06245883

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention is directed to methods for inhibiting immune responses or cellular interactions in mammals by the administration thereto of one or more lectin derived carbohydrate binding peptides. In particular, this invention is directed to methods for the suppression of inflammatory responses, induction of tolerance to antigens, modulation of the induction of immune responses to antigens, and the inhibition of cell adhesion in mammals by the administration of one or more carbohydrate binding peptides. The lectin derived carbohydrate binding peptides employed herein are preferably fragments of the S2 or S3 subunits of the pertussis toxin expressed by
Bordetella pertussis
or functionally equivalent variants thereof.
2. References
The following references are cited in this application as superscript numbers at the relevant portion of the application:
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The disclosure of all publications, patents and patent applications cited in this application are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety.
3. State of the Art
Important processes involving mammalian cells, such as growth, locomotion, morphological development, and differentiation are partially controlled by extracellular signals acting upon the cells' surfaces
1-3
. While some external stimuli reach the cell via extracellular fluids, other signals are received from neighboring or approaching cell surfaces and exert their effects through direct cell-cell contact
4,5
.
Evidence suggests that specific cell-surface receptors can “sense” a molecular signal of an apposing cell via specific binding, and biochemical mechanisms exist to translate that binding into a cellular response. For example, complex cell-surface interactions are believed to help direct processes such as binding of pathogens to target tissues
6,7
, sperm-egg binding
8
, interactions among cells in the immune system
9,10
, and recognition of cells during embryonic development
11
. In addition, defects in cell-cell recognition are thought to underlie the uncontrolled cell growth and motility which characterize neoplastic transformation and metastasis
12,13
.
Other evidence suggests that cell-recognition processes are mediated by carbohydrate chains or glycan portions of glycoconjugatest
4,14-16
. For example, the binding of the surface glycoconjugates of one cell to the complementary carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins) on another cell can result in the initiation of a specific interaction.
One important group of carbohydrate-binding proteins are selectin (LEC-CAM) proteins

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