Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – Microstrip
Patent
1991-10-11
1993-11-16
Wimer, Michael C.
Communications: radio wave antennas
Antennas
Microstrip
343844, H01Q 138, H01Q 2100
Patent
active
052627900
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a national phase of PCT/IT 91/00044 filed May 23, 1991 and based, in turn, upon Italian National Application 48 022A/90 filed May 31, 1990 under the International Convention.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
My present invention relates to an antenna formed by a set of subarrays arranged in an aperiodic geometry to provide a perfect link between satellites and between satellites and ground stations.
More particularly, this invention relates to an aperiodic configuration of the subarrays and its application to space-borne systems.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the field of phased array antennas, where elementary radiators with dimensions of several wave lengths are utilized, one of the most pernicious problems was the presence of the grating lobes during the scanning of the beam, i.e. a grating lobe which enters into the field of view of a satellite in low orbit, deteriorating the reception quality characteristics.
It is well known that an half-array beam scan angle in the range of ten to thirteen degrees for the link between a geostationary satellite and a low orbit satellite is necessary. In order to keep the radio frequncy link (as the satellite orbits at an altitude of 36000 kilometers) in this field of view undesirable interference effects due to grating lobes, which arise during the connection, should be avoided.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is, therefore, the principal object of the present invention to provide a phased array antenna for the purposes described, namely as a link between satellites and between satellites and ground stations whereby the presence of grating lobes during scanning is avoided in the field of view.
Another object of this invention is to provide an improved antenna whereby the drawbacks of earlier systems provided with periodic arrays are provided.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
These objects and others which will become more readily apparent hereinafter are attained, in accordance with the invention by providing an antenna in which the entire area of the antenna consists of subarrays disposed in mutually adjacent relationship so that the entire antenna array is preferably a rectangle perfectly filled with the subarrays and the subarrays are themselves rectangular but deposited aperiodically so that, in scanning across the array a periodicity is avoided and, during beam scanning, grating lobes do not enter the field of view.
The array can be composed of subarrays which have a plurality of radiating elements preferably in the form of patches, for example, 8 patches, which can be photoetched on the subarray.
More particularly, an antenna according to the invention can comprise:
a rectangular phased array of mutually adjacent rectangular subarrays having an aperiodic configuration and perfectly filling a rectangular area of the phased array, each of the rectangular subarrays having a length twice a width of the subarray and formed with eight radiating elements spaced apart in two rows of four radiating elements each with the radiating elements of the rows being equidistant from one another and the radiating elements of each row being at the same distance from the corresponding element of the other row as the radiating elements of each row are spaced apart;
a first series of the subarrays extending horizontally consisting essentially of groups of two successive horizontal subarrays separated by a vertical subarray;
a second series of the subarrays adjacent the first series extending horizontally and consisting essentially of a succession of another vertical subarray, a horizontal subarray, a further vertical subarray and a vertical subarray extending into the second series from the first series;
a third series of the subarrays adjacent the second series extending horizontally and consisting essentially of a succession of a vertical subarray extending into the third series from the second series, a horizontal subarray, another vertical subarray extending into the third series from the second series, and another vertical suba
REFERENCES:
patent: 3290688 (1966-12-01), Kraus
patent: 4079268 (1978-03-01), Fletcher et al.
patent: 4376938 (1983-03-01), Toth et al.
Dubno Herbert
Space Engineering S.r.l.
Wimer Michael C.
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