Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – Microstrip
Reexamination Certificate
2002-03-20
2003-12-16
Clinger, James (Department: 2821)
Communications: radio wave antennas
Antennas
Microstrip
C343S754000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06664927
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates generally to a manner by which to transduce communication signals at a radio device, such as a mobile station operable in a cellular communication system. More particularly, the present invention relates to an antenna transducer assembly, and an associated method, for a multi-mode, mobile station, or other radio device, capable of operation in at least two separate frequency bands. The assembly is of compact dimensions and exhibits reduced antenna-transducer coupling relative to conventional antenna transducers. Improved gain characteristics of antenna transducer operation is thereby provided.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Advancements in communication technologies have permitted the development, and implementation, of many varied types of communication systems. Radio communication systems are exemplary of communication systems whose development and implementation have been permitted as a result of communication-technology advancements.
Similar to other types of communication systems, a radio communication system provides for the communication of data between a sending station and a receiving station by way of a communication channel. The communication channel of a radio communication system is formed of a radio channel, defined upon a radio link formed between the sending and receiving stations. The radio channel defined upon the radio link is characterized, at least in part, by a frequency about which the channel is centered.
A cellular communication system is an exemplary type of radio communication system. Cellular communication systems have been installed throughout significant geographical areas and have achieved significant levels of usage by large numbers of users. In a cellular communication system, telephonic communications are effectuable. Typically, both voice and data can be communicated. Telephonic communications are advantageously effectuated by way of a cellular communication system as communications are effectuable by a user when positioned at almost any location at which a radio link with a network infrastructure part of the communication system can be formed. Improved mobility of communications is thereby possible as communication links are formed upon radio links rather than through wireline connections required to effectuate communications in a conventional wireline communication system.
A radio transceiver, referred to as a mobile station, is utilized by a user to communicate telephonically in a cellular communication system. Mobile stations are regularly constructed to mimic operation of conventional wireline, telephonic stations. That is to say, when a telephonic call is originated at the mobile station, a user of the mobile station generally must enter dialing digits associated with a terminating location at which the call is intended to be terminated. And, when a call is placed to the mobile station, a ringing sound, or other annunciation, is generated to alert the user of the mobile station of the terminating call.
Various cellular communication standards have been promulgated. And, the cellular communication systems that have been implemented are generally operable pursuant to an associated one of such standards. For instance, the network infrastructures of various cellular communication systems are constructed to be operable in conformity with a particular cellular communication standard. Successive generations of cellular communication standards have been promulgated, and communication systems implementing such successive generations of standards have been implemented.
First implementations of cellular communications, generally referred to as first-generation systems, utilize analog communication techniques. The AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone Service) system defined pursuant to the IS-41 standard promulgated by the EIA/TIA is representative of a first-generation system.
Successor-generation systems that form immediate successors to the first-generation systems are referred to as second-generation systems. Second-generation systems generally utilize digital communication techniques. The GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) cellular communication system and the CDMA (Code-Division, Multiple-Access) system, set forth in the IS-95 standard promulgated by the EIA/TIA are representative of second-generation, cellular communication systems.
And, successor systems to the second-generation systems are referred to as third-generation systems. Third-generation systems generally also utilize digital communication techniques. Third-generation systems further generally provide for multiple rates of data communications.
The geographical areas encompassed by different ones of the cellular communication systems of different, or corresponding, generations sometimes partly, or completely, overlap. And, conversely, sometimes, the geographical area encompassed by one cellular communication system is intermittent. That is to say, continuous coverage over an entire geographical area in which a user of a mobile station might be positioned is not provided. And, therefore, the user of a mobile station might carry the mobile station out of the area encompassed by one cellular communication system and into an area encompassed only by another communication system.
Mobile stations have been constructed to permit their operation in more than one cellular communication system. Mobile stations operable in two different types of communication systems are sometimes referred to as being dual-mode mobile stations. And, more generally, mobile stations operable in more than one communication system are referred to as being multi-mode mobile stations.
Different cellular communication systems are operable at different frequency bands. For instance, some communication systems are operable at frequencies located in the 800 MHz band. And, other systems are operable at other frequencies within a 1.9 GHz frequency band. Circuitry of a multi-mode mobile station operable in such separate communication systems must be capable of operation at the separate frequency bands. Antenna transducers utilized at the separate frequency bands are of different characteristics to facilitate their transducing into, and out of, electromagnetic form signals generated during operation of the respective systems. The antenna transducers are, for instance, of lengths inversely proportional to the frequencies of the signals transduced at such antenna transducers. And, when a mobile station is constructed to be operable at two separate frequency bands, two separate antenna transducers are used.
And recent requirements mandate that the positioning of a mobile station be determinable. Positioning information related to the mobile station is needed by emergency assistance personnel. GPS (Global Positioning System) receivers are sometimes now being incorporated into mobile stations to determine the positioning information. GPS receivers are operable at a 1.5 GHz band. And a mobile station utilizing a GPS receiver would generally also have a GPS antenna transducer. A cellular mobile station operable in a single cellular network would therefore include an antenna transducer operable at a cellular frequency and an antenna transducer operable at a GPS frequency.
As mobile stations are constructed to be of increasingly miniaturized dimensions, the need increasingly to position the antenna transducers closer to one another causes problems. In particular, coupling between the antenna transducers causes destructive interaction between the antennas and lessens the gains of the antenna transducers.
Any manner by which to permit the antenna transducers to be positioned close to one another while also reducing the coupling therebetween would be advantageous.
It is in light of this background information related to radio communication systems that the significant improvements of the present invention have evolved.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, accordingly, advantageously provides an antenna transducer assembly, and an associated method, by which to transduce communication signals at
Clinger James
Nokia Corporation
Patel Milan I.
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