Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – Antenna components
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-31
2001-10-30
Ho, Tan (Department: 2821)
Communications: radio wave antennas
Antennas
Antenna components
C343S753000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06310587
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
According to the article “Investigations of antennas for an indoor wideband communication system at 60 GHz,” Zimmermann, MMMCOM, Dresden, 12-13 May 1997, it is known that an antenna for communication between a base station and a plurality of mobile stations in an indoor space may be designed as a lens antenna. The goal of this antenna is to set up radio links from a base station arranged beneath the ceiling to a plurality of mobile stations located in an indoor space, as part of a system for high-bit-rate data transmission in the 60 GHz frequency range. Using the antenna, the base station's high-frequency signal, which is present at the antenna's input, is radiated into the space for which coverage is to be provided. Thanks to the antenna's radiation pattern, even coverage can be provided over the entire indoor space at a defined working height. Among other things, greater transmitting power is supplied to the more distant mobile stations than to the mobile stations that are in close proximity beneath the transmitting antenna. The power level of the signal directed exactly perpendicular to the floor is lower than that of the signal radiated against the boundary walls of the indoor space. When a signal is transmitted between the base station and a given mobile station, reflections are avoided thanks to multipath propagation. Otherwise, individual waves are superimposed on one another at the receiving location, so that total field intensity may be lost entirely due to interference, depending on the phase position. The proposed antenna for radiating the high-frequency signal from the base station includes a lens-shaped plexiglass shaped element fed by a waveguide. The geometry of the outer shell of the lens is tailored to the characteristics of the indoor space for which high-frequency signal coverage is to be provided. The radio signals which are radiated are linear polarized. Due to the geometry of the lens's outer shell, reflection losses occur during the transition from the lens material to the air. In addition, the antennas of the mobile participating units must be oriented so that they receive the linear polarized signals in a suitable manner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
By contrast, the antenna according to the present invention has the advantage that the geometry of the dielectric lens's inner shell is tailored to the indoor space, while the outer shell includes a hemisphere. As a result it is easier to apply an anti-reflection layer and to avoid reflection losses during the transition from the lens material to the air.
By using a primary radiator which includes a waveguide having a helix antenna, one can create lenses having a lower and having small dimensions. For example, this allows one to use polyethylene as the lens material. One can also achieve this advantage if the primary radiator includes a waveguide having a patch antenna.
Using a primary radiator of this kind has the advantage that the radio signals can be rendered circularly polarized. As a result, the antennas of the mobile stations no longer need to be oriented in a particular direction. In addition, using circularly polarized radio signals diminishes the effects associated with multipath propagation. Thus one can minimize interference effects. It is advantageous if the electric lens includes suitable antireflection features. To this end, it is advantageous if a &lgr;/4 layer made of a suitable dielectric is applied or achieved via grooves.
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Zimmerman, MMMCOM, Dresden “Investigations of Antennas for an Indoor Wideband Communication System at 60 GHz” May 12-13, 1997**.
Landstorfer Friedrich
Maier Marcus
Ruoss Hans-Oliver
Villino Guido
Ho Tan
Kenyon & Kenyon
Robert & Bosch GmbH
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