Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – With radio cabinet
Patent
1997-07-03
1999-05-25
Le, Hoanganh
Communications: radio wave antennas
Antennas
With radio cabinet
343895, 343841, H01Q 124
Patent
active
059073071
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns radiation reduction apparatus of a type intended to be used in conjunction with hand-held or otherwise portable radio phones and the like to reduce, re-direct, or redistribute away from a user or other radiation dissipative medium radiation emitted from the radiation emitting structure of the phone, such as the antenna.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Cellular and other portable radio telephones typically have antennas which extend from the housing of the phone. While the phone is in use the antenna emits radiation which has caused concern among the medical community as to the radiation's effects on the user of the phone.
The use of flexible protective shields to protect personnel against X-ray frequency and Gamma frequency radiation such as may be emitted by X-ray machines or by nuclear reactors, respectively, is known in the art as illustrated by U.S. Pat. No. 3,039,001 entitled "Flexible Protective Plastic Shield" and by U.S. Pat. No. 5,012,114 entitled "Radiation Shield".
U.S. Pat. No. 3,039,001 discloses that a sheet of vinyl or other plastic material containing resin, plasticizer and stabilizer may have a protective material such as pulverized lead uniformly distributed therethrough in order to provide a flexible sheet of material which protects the wearer against X-rays, Gamma rays, Neutron rays, secondary cosmic rays and the like.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,012,114 discloses a gamma radiation shield which comprises a wrappable sheet of gamma radiation shielding material to which is affixed releasable contact-fasteners, which are so dimensioned and configured that when a shield member is wrapped around a gamma radiation emitting structure, complimentary locking portions of the releasable fasteners engage each other to securely hold the shield member in shielding position wrapped around the structure. The gamma radiation shielding material may be comprised of the known construction of fine lead powder being uniformly dispersed in a matrix of thermo-plastic material which serves as a binder for the lead powder so as to form a flexible sheet. The releasable contact-fasteners may be of a type sold under the trade-mark Velcro. The patent is directed to protecting personnel in nuclear reactors and the like by shielding conduits such as pipes, most clearly seen in FIG. 6 of the patent, through which radioactive material flows.
The use of electromagnetic shielding to minimize interference between electromagnetic signals radiated by cellular phones and like electronic equipment with another portion of that equipment and the minimization of such interference by interposing electrically conducting material in the form of a shield between the source of the electromagnetic signals and the circuitry subject to interference is taught by U.S. Pat. No. 5,124,889 entitled "Electromagnetic Shielding Apparatus for Cellular Phones". The reference to electromagnetic shielding does not appear to be concerned with protecting the user of the electronic device from radiation from the antenna or the like.
With portable radio telephones such as hand-held cellular phones, radio waves that carry the call emanate directly from the telephone, specifically the length of the telephone and antenna, most intensely at a midpoint there along, while the telephone is held to the ear of the user. There is concern that the radio frequency waves entering the dissipative medium of the user's head may cause heating, cancer or DNA fragmentation.
There is currently being marketed a cellular phone radiation shield being sold under the trade-mark "Cellguard", manufactured by Quantum Laboratories of Renton, Wash., U.S.A. As discussed in more detail below, the "Cellguard" device consists of two sections of molded plastic, each with metal inside, that serves to block or deflect the radio frequency signal. One part of the device covers the phone's antenna and the other part fits over the earpiece of the phone. The metal of the Cellguard device is placed between the antenna and the user and between the earpiec
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Bickert Paul F.
Murray Daniel B.
Edwards Antony C.
Le Hoang-anh
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