Antenna array

Details Antenna array Antenna array

1998-02-25

2000-02-15

Wong, Don

Communications: radio wave antennas

Antennas

Balanced doublet - centerfed

343767, 343770, 343813, H01Q 2126

Patent

active

060258128

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an antenna array for simultaneous reception or for simultaneous transmission of electromagnetic waves having two linear, orthogonal polarizations, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Dual-polarized antenna arrays, that is to say radiating element arrangements which [lacuna] dipoles, slot or planar radiating elements for simultaneous reception or simultaneous transmission of electromagnetic waves having two orthogonal, linear polarizations, which are supplied to separate and mutually decoupled outputs, have been known for a long time. In this case, such radiating element arrangements comprise, for example, a plurality of elements in the form of dipoles, slots or planar radiating elements, as are known, for example, from EP 0 685 900 A1 or from the prior publication "Antennen" [Antennas], 2nd part, Bibliographic Institute, Mannheim/Vienna/Zurich, 1970, pages 47 to 50. From this, for example in the case of omnidirectional radiating elements with horizontal polarization, the shapes of a dipole square or of a dipole cross are known, in which coupling exists between the two systems, which are spatially offset through 90.degree..
In order to increase the directionality, such radiating element arrangements, which are also referred to as radiating element modules in the following text, are normally arranged in front of a reflective surface, the so-called reflector, and, in the case of planar antennas, a metallic layer on the substrate can at the same time act as the reflector.
In order to increase the antenna gain, it is possible to interconnect a plurality of these radiating element modules to form antenna arrays. In this case, it is, in fact, quite normal to interconnect ten or more radiating element modules per transmitting and receiving station to form an array. The radiating element modules can in this case be arranged alongside one another or one above the other. The direction in which the radiating element modules are arranged in a straight line or inclined alongside one another or one above the other is in this case called the alignment of the antenna array.
However, it has been found to be disadvantageous that, when a plurality of radiating element modules are interconnected, the resulting decoupling of the arrays between the interconnected radiating element modules of both polarizations turns out to be considerable poorer than that of the radiating element module itself. These disadvantageous effects occur primarily when the alignment of the antenna array does not coincide with one of the two polarization planes. This situation arises mainly in the case of antenna arrays which are constructed such that the radiating element modules are arranged one above the other in the vertical direction, the radiating element modules being aligned such that they receive or transmit linear polarizations at an angle of +45.degree. and -45.degree. with respect to the vertical. Such antenna arrays, whose alignment differs from the polarization plane, are also referred to in the following text, for short, as X-polarized arrays.
In the case of such arrays, it is found that, inter alia, the lack of correspondence between the alignment of the array and the polarization planes as well as the oblique position of the polarization planes with respect to the reflector results in adjacent modules being relatively strongly coupled to one another. In this case, it is not rare for decoupling levels of, for example, 20 to 25 dB to occur, which has been found to be inadequate.
Since vertical polarization is used by preference in the mobile radio field, this antenna type has the advantage over dual-polarized antennas having horizontal and vertical polarization that it is possible to transmit to the mobile station using both polarizations.
Antenna arrays have already been proposed which, in order to improve the decoupling, provide separating walls between the individual radiating elements, that is to say the radiating element modules, which separating walls are thus aligned at right angles to the attachment or co

REFERENCES:
patent: 3510876 (1970-05-01), Green et al.
patent: 3541559 (1970-11-01), Evans
Heilman, A.: Antennen, Zweiter Teil Bibliographisches Institut Manheim/WienZ&Zurich, 1970, pp. 47-50.
Rostan, F. et al.: Dual Polarisierte Microstrip-Patch-Antennenarrays fur Satellitengestutzte Aktive SAR-Systeme. In: ITG-Fachbericht 128, Antennan, VDE-Verlag-GmbH, Berlin, Offenbach, 1994, pp.259-264.
Zehetner, H.: Neue Sendeantenne fur terrestrisches Fersehen bei 2,6 GHz. In: ITG-Fachbericht 128, Antennen, VDE-Verlag-GmbH, Berlin, Offenbach, 1994, pp. 356-362.

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