1983-08-31
1986-03-25
Basinger, Sherman D.
Ships
Anchor
114301, B63B 2134
Patent
active
045775818
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns an anchoring device capable of maintaining beneath a determined site, and for long periods of time, a floating installation on the surface of the water, such as a petroleum production floating installation, a barge, a floating landing stage, a charging/discharging buoy, etc. . . .
The anchors with which the floating installation is connected by anchoring lines constitute one of the means for maintaining in position the floating installation. The actual tendency at present being to employ floating installations of dimensions which are larger and larger, it has become necessary to deploy anchoring devices which are more and more powerful, capable of opposing forces applied onto the floating installation and due essentially to the action of the wind, the waves, the swell, the marine currents, etc. . . .
One of the means for augmenting the power of the anchorage consists of utilizing anchors of dimensions and masses which are quite large. This solution is not entirely satisfactory. It is known in effect that the efficiency of anchors does not increase proportionally to their mass, with the result that the obtaining of very high capacities points in the direction of making anchors which are excessively heavy and difficult to handle.
Another means of augmenting the anchoring power is to adopt an anchor structure favorable to the penetration and the burying of the anchor in the sea floor. The solutions of this type are described in French Pat. Nos. 2,366,987 and 2,082,722, Netherlands Pat. No. 7,414,536, European Pat. No. 24,221 and German Pat. No. 242,975.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention proposes an anchoring device having a particular structure which favors the penetration of the anchoring device into the bottom, which confers in this manner an anchoring power superior to that of the anchors or anchor systems of identical weight, utilized up to now.
The anchoring device of a floating installation to which the device is connected by an anchoring line, comprises an assembly of at least two anchors which are substantially identical with each other at an anterior part and being of a form facilitating the penetration into the bottom and fixed, at the posterior portion, to an end of a rigid shank by a means of a rigid crossmember, an anchoring plate having teeth or serrations eventually connecting the rigid shanks between themselves, and means for connecting the anchoring line at the free ends of said shanks.
The assembly of anchors is constituted by anchors of plowshare type having a dihedral shape and disposed in a manner such that the plane passing through the free ends of the shanks defines with the axis of each shank an angle .beta. comprising between 15.degree. and 35.degree..
Preferably, the ratio of the surface of the anchoring plate to the sum of the surfaces of the plowshare anchors projecting on a plane parallel to the anchoring plate is comprised between 0.50 and 1, and preferably about 0.75.
According to a particular mode of realization, the upper edges of the dihedrons are substantially parallel to the anchoring plate and make with the axis of the shanks an angle .alpha. comprising between 10.degree. and 30.degree. and preferably about 18.degree.. In addition, the length L of the shanks is greater than 1.5 times the length A of the upper edges of the dihedrons and preferably said length is comprised of between 2 and 3 times the length of the upper edges.
These characterizing differences can be employed separately or in combination.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention can be well understood and all of its advantages clearly apparent from a reading of the description which follows, illustrated by the figures attached hereto:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one mode of realization of the invention,
FIG. 2 is a side view of the device of FIG. 1, and
FIGS. 3 to 6 illustrate schematically the method of implementing the device according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The FIG. 1 repre
REFERENCES:
patent: 2738750 (1956-03-01), Vorenkamp
patent: 4173938 (1979-11-01), Colin
Basinger Sherman D.
Societe Nouvelle Construction Metalliques de Provence
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