Anchor, in particular for a concrete panel

Details Anchor, in particular for a concrete panel Anchor, in particular for a concrete panel

1991-05-13

2001-05-22

Canfield, Robert (Department: 3635)

Static structures (e.g., buildings)

With lifting or handling means for primary component or...

Construction or component having means to engage hand or...

C052S125200, C052S707000, C294S089000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06233883

ABSTRACT:

The present invention relates to an anchor for settable materials, and in particular for concrete, the anchor being inserted in a mold before the material is cast, and being particularly, but not exclusively, intended for use in handling thin panels of reinforced concrete such as those which are used in making prefabricated buildings.
Such anchors are well known, with one of the two ends of a rod serving to provide a mechanical connection with the hook of hoisting gear while the remainder of the anchor comprising a longitudinal portion called the “rod” and an opposite end portion called the “foot” is embedded in the settable material when cast.
A first known type of anchor comprises one end which is generally cylindrical in shape with a generally cylindrical rod extending therefrom, the rod being terminated by a foot of greater diameter than the rod. When a traction force is exerted on this insert, the foot of the anchor applies a compression force to the concrete located thereabove. In other words the traction force is applied to the foot and the shape of the foot determines a breakage or pull-out cone.
It is also known to provide an eye in the vicinity of the foot to allow a reinforcing iron or bar to pass through the anchor. This disposition connects the anchor to a reinforcing iron or bar that passes through the eye at the foot of the anchor. In this case, a traction force is applied to the mass of the panel by virtue of the adherence of the reinforcement inside the panel.
Other anchors are also known and used, and in particular so called “fishtail” anchors where the flat rod is terminated by two diverging portions for retaining the anchor in the concrete. The plate-shaped rod is terminated at its top end by a hole for receiving a hook of hoisting apparatus, or else by a threaded rod or by a tapped hole.
Known anchors make it possible to hoist panels under acceptable conditions so long as the lifting forces are exerted in the longitudinal direction of the anchor. However, when the force applied to the panel is no longer in this direction, it may happen that the anchor bends, thereby damaging the not yet completely set concrete if the thickness of the concrete above the anchor is insufficient. In such cases it is therefore necessary firstly to reinforce the bending strength of the anchor and secondly to reinforce the concrete part around the anchor so as to enable it to withstand lateral forces, which forces occur, for example, when the panel as cast in a horizontal position needs raising to the vertical position for drying purposes.
The object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback and to propose an anchor enabling lateral forces to be applied to the panel. The present invention may be applied to all known types of anchor: having a solid or a hollow cylindrical rod, or a flat rod, and having any type of head and any type of foot. In general, the invention serves to increase the traction strength of anchors by obtaining a better distribution of forces in a larger mass of concrete, thereby eliminating local overloading.
According to the present invention, the anchor comprising a head, a longitudinal rod, and an anchor foot, is characterized in that at least one lateral anchoring element is fixed to the rod.
Whereas in known anchor pieces, the anchor is designed to withstand the application of a unidirectional force exerted in the longitudinal direction of the anchor, the anchor of the invention presents much higher strength in a transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the anchor.
In general, the lateral anchoring element constitutes a projection from the rod making it possible, optionally, to offset the contact points of reinforcing irons away from the midplane of the panel, i.e. away from the longitudinal direction of the anchor, should it be desirable to make a connection with the irons.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention appear from the following description of particular embodiments given purely by way of non-limiting example and described with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:
FIGS. 1 and 1
a
are diagrams for explaining the problem which is solved by the invention;
FIGS. 2 and 2
a
are diagrams for explaining a first embodiment, with
FIG. 2
being a vertical section and
FIG. 2
a
being a plan view showing the limits of the anchoring cone;
FIGS. 3 and 3
a
are similar diagrams applicable to a variant embodiment;
FIGS. 4 and 4
a
are respectively a vertical section and a horizontal section on line IV—IV of
FIG. 4
;
FIGS. 5 and 5
a
are a vertical section and a section on line VI—VI of
FIG. 5
;
FIGS. 6 and 6
a
are a vertical section and a cross-section through an anchor;
FIGS. 7 and 8
show variants of the embodiment of the anchor shown in
FIG. 6
;
FIGS. 9 and 9
a
show a flat rod anchor with a hole in accordance with the invention;
FIGS. 10
,
10
a,
and
10
b
show an embodiment of an anchor having a sleeve;
FIGS. 11 and 11
a
show an embodiment of a flat anchor having an elongate lateral anchoring foot;
FIGS. 12 and 12
a
show a cylindrical rod anchor having a symmetrical lateral anchoring element,
FIG. 12
a
being a section on line XII—XII of
FIG. 12
;
FIG. 13
shows another embodiment of a flat anchor;
FIGS. 14
to
14
b
are a front view of a lateral anchoring piece for attaching to an anchor having a sleeve or a cylindrical rod; and
FIGS. 15 and 15
a
are two views of an anchoring element for fixing to a flat anchor.


REFERENCES:
patent: 1975235 (1934-10-01), Lowell
patent: 2886370 (1959-05-01), Liebert
patent: 3861106 (1975-01-01), Erhart
patent: 4087947 (1978-05-01), Turner
patent: 4173856 (1979-11-01), Fricker
patent: 4702045 (1987-10-01), Fricker
patent: 4703595 (1987-11-01), Zipf et al.
patent: 4769960 (1988-09-01), Zipf et al.
patent: 5469675 (1995-11-01), Arteon
patent: 1800807 (1970-09-01), None
patent: 3329373 (1985-02-01), None

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