Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or... – Involving virus or bacteriophage
Reexamination Certificate
2007-11-13
2007-11-13
Campell, Bruce R. (Department: 1648)
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or...
Involving virus or bacteriophage
C435S007100, C435S007200, C435S007240, C435S041000, C435S325000, C435S372000
Reexamination Certificate
active
10695846
ABSTRACT:
A change in viral tropism occurs in many HIV positive individuals over time and can be indicated by a shift in coreceptor use from CCR5 to CXCR4. The shift in coreceptor use to CXCR4 has been shown to correlate with increased disease progression. In patients undergoing HAART, the predominant populations of virus can be shifted back to CCR5-mediated entry after the CXCR4-specific strains have emerged. The present invention relates to a diagnostic method to monitor coreceptor use in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The present invention further relates to a diagnostic method applied to HIV-positive individuals undergoing HAART to monitor the suppression of CXCR4 specific strains. The diagnostic methods can be used to assist in selecting antiretroviral therapy and to improve predictions of disease prognosis over time.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5837464 (1998-11-01), Capon et al.
patent: 5851759 (1998-12-01), Weiner
patent: 5994515 (1999-11-01), Hoxie
patent: 6107019 (2000-08-01), Allaway et al.
patent: 7097970 (2006-08-01), Petropoulos et al.
patent: 7169551 (2007-01-01), Petropoulos et al.
patent: 2003/0180717 (2003-09-01), Esteban et al.
patent: 2005/0214743 (2005-09-01), Richman et al.
patent: 2006/0183110 (2006-08-01), Petropoulos et al.
patent: 2006/0223107 (2006-10-01), Chenna et al.
patent: WO 99 14378 (1999-03-01), None
patent: 99/67429 (1999-12-01), None
patent: WO 00/65356 (2000-11-01), None
Bazan et al. Patterns of CCR5, CXCR4, and CCR3 Usage by Envelope Glycoproteins from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Primary Isolates. Journal of Virology, May 1998, vol. 72, No. 5, p. 4485-4491.
Philpott S. et al. “Preferential suppression of CXCR4-specific strains of HIV-1 by antiviral therapy,” J. Clin. Invest., vol. 107(4), Feb. 2001, p. 431-438.
Moore JP. Et al. “Co-receptors for HIV-1 entry,” Cur. Opin. Immunol., vol. 9, 1997, pp. 551-562.
Callaway DS. Et al. “Virus phenotype switching and disease progression in HIV-1 infection.” Proc. R. Soc. Lond., vol. 266, 1999, pp. 2523-2530.
Wodarz D. et al. “Defining CTL-induced pathology: implications for HIV.” Virology, vol. 27A, Aug. 2000, pp. 94-104.
Clerici et al. (2000) “Different immunologic profiles characterize HIV infection in highly active antiretroviral therapy-treated and antiretroviral-naïve patients with undetectable viraemia. The Master Group”.AIDS 14(2): 109-116.
Conner et al. “Change in coreceptor use correlates with disease progression in HIV-1-infected individuals” J. Exp. Med. vol. 185(4), Feb. 17, 1997, pp. 621-628.
Bjomdal et al. “Coreceptor usage of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates varies according to biological phenotype” Journal of Virology, Oct. 1997, pp. 7478-7487.
Burger and Weiser, (1997) “Biology of HIV-1 in women and men” Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America, vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 731-742.
Pierson et al. (2000) “Characterization of chemokine receptor utilization of viruses in the latent reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus type I”. J. Virol. 74(17):7824-33.
Mosier (2000) “Virus and target cell evolution in human immundeficiency virus type 1 infection”, Immunologic Research, vol. 21, No. 2-3, pp. 253-258.
Verrier et al. (1999) “Role of the HIV type 1 glycoprotein 120 V3 loop in determining coreceptor usage” AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, vol. 15, No. 9, 1999, pp. 731-743.
Chan et al. (1999) “V3 recombinants indicate a central role for CCR5 as a coreceptor in tissue infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1” Journal of Virology, Mar. 1999, pp. 2350-2358.
Anderson et al. (1998) “Early reduction of immune activation in lymphoid tissue following highly active HIV therapy” AIDS 12:F123-9.
Berger et al. (1999) “Chemokine receptors as HIV-1- coreceptors: roles in viral entry, tropism, and disease.” Annu. Rev. Immunol 17:657-700.
Berkowitz et al. (2000) “Casual relationships between HIV-1 coreceptor utilization, tropism, and pathologenesis in human thymus.” J. AIDS Hum. Retro. 16(11):1039-45.
Cammack N. (1999) “Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry and chemokine receptors: a new therapeutic target.” Antivir. Chem. Chemother. 10(2):53-62.
Cecilia et al. (2000) “Absence of coreceptor switch with disease progression in human immundeficiency virus infections in India” Virology 271(2):253-8.
Dreyer et al. (1999) “Primary isolate neutralization by HIV type 1-infected patients sera in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.” AIDS Res. Hum. Retrovir 15(17):1563-1571.
Equils et al. (2000) “Recovery of replication-competent virus from CD4 T cell reservoirs and change in coreceptor use in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children responding to highly active antiretroviral therapy.” J. Inf. Dis. 182:751-757.
Este et al. (1999) “Shift of clinical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from X4 to R5 and prevention of emergence of the syncytium-inducing phenotype by blockade of CXCR4”. J. Virol. 73:5577-85.
Fang et al. (1996) “Molecular cloning of full-length HIV-1 genomes directly from plasma viral RNA”. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 12(4):352-7.
Giovannetti et al. (1999) “CCR5 and CXCR4 chemokine receptor expression and beta-chemokine production during early T cell repopulation induced by highly active anti-retroviral therapy”. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 118(1):87-94.
Glushakova et al. (2000) “Preferential coreceptor utilization and cytopathicity by dual-topic HIV-1 in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo”. J. Clin. Invest. 104:R7-R11.
Hotkamp et al. (2000) “Unexpected coreceptor usage of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from viremic patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy.” J. Inf. Dis. 181(2):513-21.
Kokkotou et al. (2000) “In vitro correlates of HIV-2-mediated HIV-1 protection.” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97(12):6792-8002.
Kusunoki et al. (1999) “Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide complementary to CXCR4 mRNA block replication of HIV-1 in COS cells.” Nucleotides Nucleotides 18(6-7):1705-8.
Lee et al. (1999) “Quantification of CD4, CCR5, and CXCR4 levels on lymphocyte subsets, dendritic cells, and differentially conditioned monocyte-derived macrophages” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96(9):5215-20.
Lew et al. (1998) “Determination of levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma: reassessment of parameters affecting assay outcome. TUBE Meeting Workshop Attendees. Technology Utilization for HIV-1 Blood Evaluation and Standardization in Pediatrics.” J. Clin. Microbiology (36)6:1471-9.
Martinon et al. (1999) “Persistent alterations in T-cell repertoire, cytokine and chemokine receptor gene expression after 1 year of highly active antiretroviral therapy.” AIDS 13(2):185-94.
Michael et al. (1999) “Viral phenotype and CCR5 genotype”. Nat. Med. 5(12):1330.
Philpott et al. (1999) “Antiviral therapy may preferentially eliminate CXCR4-specific strains of HIV-1” Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) Moscone Center San Francisco, CA, USA Sep. 26-29, 1999 Abstract 1836 p. 513.
Samson et al. (1996) “Resistance to HIV-1 infection in Caucasian individuals bearing mutant alleles of the CCR-5 chemokine receptor gene”, Nature 382:722-5.
Schramm et al. (2000) “Viral entry through CXCR4 is a pathogenic factor and therapeutic target in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 disease”, J. Virol. 74(1):184-92.
Shankarappa et al. (1999) “Consistent viral evolutionary changes associated with the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection”, J. Virol. 73(12):10489-502.
Trkola et al. (1999) “A cell line-based neutralization assay for primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1
Burger Harold
Kitchen Christina
Philpott Sean
Weiser Barbara
Campell Bruce R.
Frommer & Lawrence & Haug LLP
Health Research , Inc.
Humphrey Louise
Kowalski Thomas J.
LandOfFree
Analysis of HIV-1 coreceptor use in the clinical care of... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Analysis of HIV-1 coreceptor use in the clinical care of..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Analysis of HIV-1 coreceptor use in the clinical care of... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3886888