Power plants – Reaction motor – Liquid oxidizer
Reexamination Certificate
1999-09-08
2001-12-04
Freay, Charles G. (Department: 3746)
Power plants
Reaction motor
Liquid oxidizer
C060S039190, C060S039825
Reexamination Certificate
active
06324832
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of automatic equipment and, in particular, to ampoules with starting fuel to be mounted in the main line of one of the propellant components at the inlet to the mixing head of a combustion chamber or a gas generator for the chemical ignition of propellant components.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Technical solutions are known in which safety and starting valves with rupturable diaphragms are used (U.S. Pat. No. 3,704,807, NPC 220-89, published 1972 or GB patent application No. 1138885, NPC F2V, published 1969). In these technical solutions the diaphragm breaks under the effect of pressure of the medium. These constructions do not provide the possibility of ensuring a constant flow section for the medium when the diaphragm breaks.
An ampoule with starting fuel for igniting the propellant components of liquid-propellant rocket engines (LRE) is known that comprises a body with an inlet and an outlet, two diaphragm units, the diaphragms of which are air-tight fastened along the periphery in the body from the inlet and outlet sides (the book “Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine Design and Engineering,” edited by G. G. Gakhun, Moscow, Mashinostroenie, 1989, p. 75, FIG. 4.5). In this known ampoule design diaphragm units with rupturable diaphragms are used.
In this technical solution, a diaphragm is broken under the effect of medium pressure, and bending the diaphragm (opening the flow section) is carried out due to the pressure drop thereon that is defined, in particular, by the flow rate of the liquid. If the liquid flow rate and, accordingly, the pressure drop on the diaphragm are low, then the diaphragm may first break only partially and then may bend to an arbitrary extent.
In view of the fact that after the diaphragm breaks, it or its parts occupy an indefinite and unstable position at different flow rates, such a design does not ensure stable hydraulic characteristics.
This is especially important when the ampoules are mounted in parallel main lines of a multi-chamber LRE, where it is necessary to ensure a strictly identical distribution of flow rates along those main lines after the break of diaphragms.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to create an ampoule with starting fuel which does not have the aforesaid disadvantages and ensures enhancement of the quality of feeding the starting fuel.
An object of the invention is also to create an ampoule with starting fuel which ensures air-tightness in respect of the environment during the process of filling it with starting fuel.
The engineering result obtained by use of the proposed invention consists of ensuring reliable and uniform breaking of the diaphragm along the perimeter without its detachment or misalignment by the flow of liquid and ensuring stable hydraulic characteristics for the flow part of the ampoule after the break of the diaphragms by high pressure of the medium, but with a low flow rate.
The aforesaid result is achieved in an ampoule with starting fuel for igniting the propellant components of an LRE, the ampoule comprising a cylindrical body having an inlet from one side and an outlet from another side, two diaphragm units mounted inside the body from the sides of the inlet and outlet, wherein each of the diaphragm units includes a diaphragm, fixed in an air-tight manner along the periphery to the body with the possibility of the diaphragm being broken by the working medium, in that in accordance with the invention, it comprises means for filling the body with the starting fuel, and each of the diaphragm units comprises a piston, provided with a stem, and a guide bush with attachment means, wherein a diaphragm in each diaphragm unit is made in the form of a ring bridge, the piston is connected to the diaphragm, the piston stem is mounted in the guide bush with the possibility for the piston to move in a longitudinal direction.
Wherewith the guide bush is preferably mounted coaxially to the body and is fixed in the body with the aid of ribs.
Furthermore, it is preferable that the means for filling the body with the starting fuel be made from two blank flanges—filling and draining, which are mounted in a partition located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the body between the diaphragm units in ducts, respectively, filling and draining, which are made in the partition and communicate with the external surface of the body, each blank flange being made in the form of a threaded plug in which a hole is made for communication of the duct with the internal space of the body and a sealing plug provided with a sealing gasket, wherein the sealing plug is mounted in the duct and provided with a nut for fixing it.
In one of the embodiments, a spring lock is mounted inside the guide bush, and a ring groove is made on the stem with the possibility of placing the spring lock therein during movement of the piston.
Furthermore the stem may be made hollow, wherein its space communicating with the internal space of the body from the face of the stem opposite to the piston, and holes that are located at the piston base connected to the stem are made in the stem wall.
And also the thickness of a diaphragm in the place of its connection to the piston is preferably made less than the thickness of the diaphragm in the place of its connection to the body.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3704807 (1972-12-01), Ligard
patent: 4258546 (1981-03-01), Stratton
patent: 4312954 (1982-01-01), Black
patent: 4776560 (1988-10-01), Rowland et al.
patent: 5548959 (1996-08-01), Lechevalier
patent: 1138885 (1969-01-01), None
G. Gakhun, “Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine Design and Engineering”, textbook, Institutes of Higher Education, Moscow, “Mashinostroyeniye” 1989, p. 75, Fig. 4-5.
Baboshin Alexandr Antonovich
Chelkis Felix Jurievich
Ivanov Jury Jurievich
Kolosova Inna Alexandrovna
Polushin Valentin Georgievich
Christie Parker & Hale LLP
Freay Charles G.
Otkrytoe Aktsionernoe Obschestvo
Rodriguez W.
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