Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-04-01
2001-10-30
Bernhardt, Emily (Department: 1624)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...
C514S300000, C514S253040, C514S258100, C514S234200, C544S362000, C544S127000, C544S280000, C544S117000, C546S113000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06310063
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to aminoalkyl substituted pyrrolo[3,2-e]pyridine and pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrimidine derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and their use for the treatment of psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases, including major depression, anxiety-related disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, supranuclear palsy and feeding disorders, as well as treatment of immunological, cardiovascular or heart-related diseases and colonic hypersensitivity associated with psychopathological disturbance and stress.
2. Description of the Related Art
Corticotropin releasing factor (herein referred to as CRF), a 41 amino acid peptide, is the primary physiological regulator of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) derived peptide secretion from the anterior pituitary gland [J. Rivier et al.,
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci
. (
USA
) 80:4851 (1983); W. Vale et al.,
Science
213:1394 (1981)]. In addition to its endocrine role at the pituitary gland, immunohistochemical localization of CRF has demonstrated that the hormone has a broad extrahypothalamic distribution in the central nervous system and produces a wide spectrum of autonomic, electrophysiological and behavioral effects consistent with a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator role in brain [W. Vale et al.,
Rec. Prog. Horm. Res
. 39:245 (1983); G. F. Koob,
Persp. Behav. Med
. 2:39 (1985); E. B. De Souza et al.,
J. Neurosci
. 5:3189 (1985)]. There is also evidence that CRF plays a significant role in integrating the response of the immune system to physiological, psychological, and immunological stressors [J. E. Blalock,
Physiological Reviews
69:1 (1989); J. E. Morley,
Life Sci
. 41:527 (1987)].
Clinical data provide evidence that CRF has a role in psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases including depression, anxiety-related disorders and feeding disorders. A role for CRF has also been postulated in the etiology and pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as they relate to the dysfunction of CRF neurons in the central nervous system [for review see E. B. De Souza,
Hosp. Practice
23:59 (1988)].
In affective disorder, or major depression, the concentration of CRF is significantly increased in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of drug-free individuals [C. B. Nemeroff et al.,
Science
226:1342 (1984); C. M. Banki et al.,
Am. J. Psychiatry
144:873 (1987); R. D. France et al.,
Biol. Psychiatry
28:86 (1988); M. Arato et al.,
Biol Psychiatry
25:355 (1989). Furthermore, the density of CRF receptors is significantly decreased in the frontal cortex of suicide victims, consistent with a hypersecretion of CRF [C. B. Nemeroff et al.,
Arch. Gen. Psychiatry
45:577 (1988)]. In addition, there is a blunted adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) response to CRF (i.v. administered) observed in depressed patients [P. W. Gold et al.,
Am J. Psychiatry
141:619 (1984); F. Holsboer et al.,
Psychoneuroendocrinology
9:147 (1984); P. W. Gold et al.,
New Eng. J. Med
. 314:1129 (1986)]. Preclinical studies in rats and non-human primates provide additional support for the hypothesis that hypersecretion of CRF may be involved in the symptoms seen in human depression [R. M. Sapolsky,
Arch. Gen. Psychiatry
46:1047 (1989)]. There is preliminary evidence that tricyclic antidepressants can alter CRF levels and thus modulate the numbers of CRF receptors in brain [Grigoriadis et al.,
Neuropsychopharmacology
2:53 (1989)].
There has also been a role postulated for CRF in the etiology of anxiety-related disorders. CRF produces anxiogenic effects in animals and interactions between benzodiazepine
on-benzodiazepine anxiolytics and CRF have been demonstrated in a variety of behavioral anxiety models [D. R. Britton et al.,
Life Sci
. 31:363 (1982); C. W. Berridge and A. J. Dunn
Regul. Peptides
16:83 (1986)]. Preliminary studies using the putative CRF receptor antagonist &agr;-helical ovine CRF (9-41) in a variety of behavioral paradigms demonstrate that the antagonist produces “anxiolytic-like” effects that are qualitatively similar to the benzodiazepines [C. W Berridge and A. J. Dunn
Horm. Behav
. 21:393 (1987),
Brain Research Reviews
15:71 (1990)]. Neurochemical, endocrine and receptor binding studies have all demonstrated interactions between CRF and benzodiazepine anxiolytics providing further evidence for the involvement of CRF in these disorders. Chlordiazepoxide attenuates the “anxiogenic” effects of CRF in both the conflict test [K. T. Britton et al.,
Psychopharmacology
86:170 (1985); K. T. Britton et al.,
Psychopharmacology
94:306 (1988)] and in the acoustic startle test [N. R. Swerdlow et al.,
Psychopharmacology
88:147 (1986)] in rats. The benzodiazepine receptor antagonist (Ro 15-1788), which was without behavioral activity alone in the operant conflict test, reversed the effects of CRF in a dose-dependent manner while the benzodiazepine inverse agonist (FG 7142) enhanced the actions of CRF [K. T. Britton et al.,
Psychopharmacology
94:306 (1988)].
It has been further postulated that CRF has a role in immunological, cardiovascular or heart-related diseases such as hypertension, tachycardia and congestive heart failure, stroke and osteoporosis. CRF has also been implicated in premature birth, psychosocial dwarfism, stress-induced fever, ulcer, diarrhea, post-operative ileus and colonic hypersensitivity associated with psychopathological disturbance and stress.
The mechanisms and sites of action through which the standard anxiolytics and antidepressants produce their therapeutic effects remain to be elucidated. It has been hypothesized however, that they are involved in the suppression of the CRF hypersecretion that is observed in these disorders. Of particular interest is that preliminary studies examining the effects of a CRF receptor antagonist (&agr;-helical CRF
9-41
) in a variety of behavioral paradigms have demonstrated that the CRF antagonist produces “anxiolytic-like” effects qualitatively similar to the benzodiazepines [for review see G. F. Koob and K. T. Britton, In:
Corticotropin
-
Releasing Factor: Basic and Clinical Studies of a Neuropeptide
, E. B. De Souza and C.B. Nemeroff eds., CRC Press p221 (1990)].
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect, the present invention provides novel compounds which bind to corticotropin releasing factor receptors, thereby altering the anxiogenic effects of CRF secretion. The compounds of the present invention are useful for the treatment of psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases, anxiety-related disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, supranuclear palsy and feeding disorders as well as treatment of immunological, cardiovascular or heart-related diseases and colonic hypersensitivity associated with psychopathological disturbance and stress in mammals. According to another aspect, the present invention provides novel compounds of Formula I (described below) which are useful as antagonists of the corticotropin releasing factor. The compounds of the present invention exhibit activity as corticotropin releasing factor antagonists and appear to suppress CRF hypersecretion. The present invention also includes pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds of Formula I, and methods of using such compounds for the suppression of CRF hypersecretion, and/or for the treatment of anxiogenic disorders.
In another aspect, the present invention provides novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods which may be used in the treatment of affective disorder, anxiety, depression, irritable bowel syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, supranuclear palsy, immune suppression, Alzheimer's disease, gastrointestinal disease, anorexia nervosa or other feeding disorder, drug or alcohol withdrawal symptoms, drug addiction, inf
De Lombaert Stephane
Ge Ping
Horvath Raymond F.
Bernhardt Emily
McDonnell & Boehnen Hulbert & Berghoff
Neurogen Corporation
LandOfFree
Aminoalkyl substituted pyrrolo [3,2-E]pyridine and... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Aminoalkyl substituted pyrrolo [3,2-E]pyridine and..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Aminoalkyl substituted pyrrolo [3,2-E]pyridine and... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2611061